Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing threat of respiratory viruses, particularly Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), which poses significant public health challenges in China, especially for infants and the elderly [1][2]. Group 1: RSV Infection and Impact - RSV infection rates are notably higher in the 0-4 age group, with hospitalization cases showing a positive rate of 22%-26% for acute lower respiratory infections [2]. - The economic burden of RSV in China is substantial, with annual costs for infants due to RSV-related acute lower respiratory infections reaching 7 billion yuan, and related hospitalization costs totaling 2.74 billion yuan [3]. - The severe risks associated with RSV include pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants, as well as increased long-term asthma risks [2][3]. Group 2: Prevention and Control Strategies - There is currently no specific treatment for RSV, making prevention crucial. Innovative preventive measures, such as long-acting monoclonal antibody injections, are being implemented [3]. - A layered prevention strategy is recommended, particularly for vulnerable groups like infants under one year old, emphasizing timely vaccination before the RSV season [3]. - Non-pharmaceutical interventions, including personal protection and environmental sanitation, are essential for comprehensive virus control, especially in high-contact public areas [4]. Group 3: Collaborative Efforts and Technological Advancements - The prevention of respiratory viruses requires deep collaboration between clinical and research sectors, with AI and big data playing a critical role in enhancing the precision and timeliness of control measures [5]. - Rapid diagnostic technologies have evolved, allowing for quick RSV detection, which is vital for clinical decision-making and timely interventions [6]. - A multi-layered monitoring network has been established to facilitate proactive surveillance of RSV, with ongoing efforts to develop an RSV early warning system based on data modeling [6]. Group 4: Policy and Future Directions - Several regions in China are piloting preventive monoclonal antibody vaccinations, contributing to the nationwide standardization of RSV prevention [6]. - The "Healthy China 2030" strategy and the upcoming "14th Five-Year Plan" are expected to provide more policy, funding, and technical support for respiratory infectious disease control [6]. - A unified understanding and collaborative approach among healthcare professionals, researchers, and public health workers are essential for effective respiratory disease prevention [7].