Core Insights - The article discusses the achievements and future directions of China's energy transition during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan," emphasizing the importance of non-fossil energy development and carbon peak goals [1][5][6]. Energy Transition Achievements - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," China's non-fossil energy consumption target is expected to be exceeded, with the proportion of electricity in terminal energy consumption reaching around 30% [1]. - The installed capacity of renewable energy generation has increased from 40% to approximately 60% during this period [7]. - Energy consumption growth in the first four years of the "14th Five-Year Plan" reached 1.5 times the total increase during the "13th Five-Year Plan" [6]. Future Goals and Strategies - The "15th Five-Year Plan" aims to achieve carbon peak by 2030, with a focus on developing renewable energy and strictly limiting coal consumption [8][9]. - The energy structure transition's success depends on the competitiveness of new clean energy sources and the establishment of a low-carbon energy supply system [8][9]. - The expected annual electricity consumption for achieving carbon neutrality is projected to be between 17 trillion to 20 trillion kilowatt-hours, requiring significant increases in renewable energy capacity [10]. Market and Policy Framework - The article highlights the need for a collaborative effort between policy and market forces to optimize energy structure and ensure system stability [1][6]. - A dual control system for energy consumption and carbon emissions will be implemented, focusing on intensity control and total volume control [7]. Challenges in Energy System - The rapid growth of renewable energy poses challenges for grid stability and requires the construction of a new power system centered on high proportions of renewable energy [14][16]. - The current electricity market needs to balance the promotion of renewable energy consumption with the survival of traditional energy sources [15]. Storage and Technology Development - The development of large-scale chemical energy storage is crucial for stabilizing renewable energy supply and addressing grid operation challenges [17][18]. - The article emphasizes the importance of encouraging renewable energy companies to build their own storage facilities to improve energy output stability [17].