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美国“消除”麻疹后再现疫情 专家:恐是“疫苗犹豫”惹的祸
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-07-10 23:53
Core Viewpoint - The resurgence of measles in the United States, which was declared eliminated in 2000, is attributed to a decline in vaccination rates and the highly contagious nature of the virus [1][2]. Group 1: Measles Resurgence - In 2025, the U.S. reported 1,284 confirmed measles cases, a significant increase from the average of 180 cases per year [1]. - The basic reproduction number (R0) of measles is estimated to be 18, meaning one infected person can infect 18 susceptible individuals [2]. - The likelihood of infection for unvaccinated individuals who come into contact with a measles patient is approximately 90% [2]. Group 2: Vaccine Hesitancy - Vaccine hesitancy has emerged as a major barrier to maintaining herd immunity, particularly in developed countries where anti-vaccine movements have gained traction [3][4]. - The global death toll from measles has decreased by about 79% due to widespread vaccination, affecting approximately 171 million people [3]. - The decline in vaccination rates in developed countries has led to the resurgence of previously controlled infectious diseases [4]. Group 3: Health Risks and Responses - Measles can lead to severe complications such as laryngitis, pneumonia, myocarditis, and encephalitis, with at least three reported deaths in the recent U.S. outbreak [5]. - It is crucial for individuals, especially those in vulnerable groups, to consult healthcare professionals regarding vaccination to prevent severe outcomes [5]. - Continuous monitoring and effective response strategies are essential to maintain low measles incidence rates and manage outbreaks effectively [6].
专家详解疫苗接种
Guang Xi Ri Bao· 2025-04-27 01:33
Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of vaccination in disease prevention and health protection, highlighting the distinction between government-provided vaccines and those that are voluntarily chosen by individuals [1][2]. Group 1: Vaccination Importance - Vaccination is described as the most economical and effective means of preventing and controlling diseases, extending from newborns to the elderly [1]. - The vaccination program includes 14 types of immunization vaccines provided for free by the government, aimed at preventing 15 infectious diseases [1]. Group 2: Types of Vaccines - Immunization vaccines are mandatory and free, while non-immunization vaccines are voluntary and self-paid, including flu, pneumonia, and cervical cancer vaccines [1]. - Individuals are encouraged to choose non-immunization vaccines based on personal needs and informed consent [1]. Group 3: Vaccine Safety and Management - The article outlines strict management protocols in China for vaccine development, production, distribution, and administration to ensure traceability [2]. - Common mild reactions to vaccines include fever and local swelling, which typically resolve within 1-3 days, while severe reactions are rare [2]. Group 4: Pre-vaccination Recommendations - It is advised that individuals understand vaccine information and disclose any medical history before vaccination, as well as maintain a healthy state prior to receiving vaccines [2]. - Some vaccination clinics offer services on weekends, allowing the public to schedule appointments via the "Guangxi CDC" WeChat account [2].
联合国组织警告:疫苗可预防的疾病发病率攀升
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-04-26 23:39
Core Insights - The World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, and Gavi have issued a warning about the rising incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles, meningitis, and yellow fever due to misinformation and reduced international aid [1][2] - There has been a significant increase in measles cases globally, with 10.3 million cases reported in 2023, a 20% increase from 2022 [1] - The number of children missing routine vaccinations continues to grow, with approximately 14.5 million children unvaccinated in 2023, an increase of 600,000 from 2022 [2] Group 1 - WHO, UNICEF, and Gavi call for sustained political and financial commitment from countries to protect immunization achievements and reduce child mortality [1] - Monitoring data shows that 138 countries reported measles cases in the past year, with 61 countries experiencing large-scale outbreaks [1] - In Africa, there has been a notable increase in meningitis cases, with 5,500 suspected cases and 22 deaths reported in the first quarter of this year [1] Group 2 - UNICEF's Executive Director highlighted that funding shortages are undermining global vaccination efforts, particularly for over 15 million children in conflict areas [1] - Gavi plans to hold a fundraising summit on June 25, aiming to raise $9 billion to build an immunization barrier for 500 million children from 2026 to 2030 [2]