中新社华盛顿9月19日电 (记者 陈孟统)美国总统特朗普19日在白宫签署公告，以企业"滥用"H-1B签证项 目为由，宣布将该类签证费用提高至每年10万美元。 《华盛顿邮报》认为，特朗普政府的这两项移民政策可能面临司法挑战。如果最终得以实施，美国的合 法移民体系将被大幅收紧。(完) 特朗普政府上调H-1B签证费至10万美元 H-1B签证是美国为高技能外国专业人才设立的一类临时工作签证，主要面向信息技术、工程、金融等 专业领域。据美国媒体报道，现行的H-1B签证费用通常不超过5000美元。 这份公告称，H-1B签证项目存在"系统性滥用"问题，导致美国工人被外籍劳动力替代，削弱了美国的 经济和国家安全。 "如果不想付10万美元，你该怎么办？雇佣美国人。"特朗普当天在签署公告时说。 美国商务部长卢特尼克表示，这项新政适用于H-1B的首次申请和续签。美联社称，特朗普政府此举意 在阻止企业利用H-1B签证引进初级雇员，使其仅用于招聘顶尖工程师和高端管理人员。 当天，特朗普还签署一项行政令，宣布设立"黄金卡"签证项目。根据该行政令，外籍人士在符合美国相 关法律以及国家安全要求的前提下，通过无附加条件的捐赠，即可以加速程序申 ...

Core Points - President Trump signed an announcement to significantly reform the H-1B visa program, raising the fees for companies applying for H-1B visas to $100,000 per year, compared to previous fees in the thousands of dollars [2][3] - The increase in H-1B visa fees is expected to impact major tech companies like Amazon, Microsoft, and Google, which rely on this program to hire foreign employees, including software developers [2][7] - The reform aims to ensure that only high-skilled talent that cannot be replaced by American workers is brought into the U.S., with the intention of incentivizing companies to hire American workers instead [3][4] Company Impact - Cognizant's stock price dropped significantly, with an intraday decline of over 7% and a closing drop of nearly 5%, resulting in a market capitalization of $32.7 billion [2][8] - Accenture also experienced a stock price decline, dropping over 2% before slightly recovering [2][8] - The overall sentiment in the IT services sector has shifted, with Morgan Stanley downgrading its rating for the U.S. IT services industry from "neutral" to "cautious" due to concerns over declining investment returns amid accelerated AI investments [11] Industry Context - The H-1B visa program allows U.S. companies to hire foreign professionals to fill positions where suitable domestic talent is unavailable, primarily utilized by tech companies to attract highly educated technical immigrants [4] - The increase in fees is part of a broader immigration policy reform by the Trump administration, which aims to curb the perceived abuse of the H-1B program and prevent companies from using foreign labor to suppress wages for American workers [4][8] - The annual cap for new H-1B visas is set at 85,000, with approximately 75% of these visas going to applicants from India, highlighting the dependency of large tech firms on Indian talent [7][8]