Core Insights - The article highlights the significant advancements in cosmic ray observation and solar monitoring technologies in China, particularly through the establishment of the LHAASO (High Altitude Cosmic Ray Observatory) and the Ring Array Solar Radio Telescope [9][10][12][14]. Group 1: LHAASO Developments - LHAASO, located at an altitude of over 4,400 meters, covers an area of 1.36 square kilometers and has made a groundbreaking discovery regarding the formation of cosmic ray "knee," providing key observational evidence [9][10]. - The observatory is equipped with nearly 10,000 detectors utilizing four advanced detection technologies, enabling it to capture cosmic ray particles effectively [12][13]. - LHAASO has achieved significant milestones, including the observation of the highest energy gamma photons and the identification of the first super cosmic ray source, marking a leap in China's cosmic ray research capabilities [18][21]. Group 2: Ring Array Solar Radio Telescope - The Ring Array Solar Radio Telescope, consisting of 313 six-meter antennas, is designed to monitor solar activities that impact space weather, providing critical forecasting capabilities [14][15]. - In September 2023, the telescope successfully predicted a solar eruption event, demonstrating its ability to provide timely warnings with an error margin of less than 1.16 hours [14]. - The telescope's construction reflects significant technological advancements, including real-time monitoring of thousands of optical fiber interfaces to ensure precise alignment of antennas [18][21]. Group 3: Research Environment and Infrastructure - The high-altitude location of Daocheng County offers optimal conditions for astronomical observations, attracting numerous scientists and researchers to the area [10][12]. - The construction of these large scientific facilities has faced challenges due to harsh environmental conditions, but the rapid development has showcased China's commitment to advancing scientific research [20][21]. - The collaborative efforts among various research institutions and universities have led to significant technological innovations, enhancing the capabilities of both LHAASO and the Ring Array [21].

Core Viewpoint - The high-altitude cosmic ray observatory in Daocheng, Sichuan, has made significant advancements in understanding cosmic rays, particularly the "knee" phenomenon, providing crucial observational evidence for a long-standing mystery in the field of astrophysics [3][8][19]. Group 1: Cosmic Ray Observatory - The observatory, known as LHAASO, spans an area of 1.36 square kilometers and is designed to capture cosmic rays, which are high-energy particles from outer space [3][8]. - Since its establishment in 2016, LHAASO has become the world's highest and largest gamma-ray detection facility, achieving national acceptance in 2023 after 14 years of development [8][26]. - The observatory employs advanced detection technologies, including over 10,000 detectors, to analyze cosmic ray interactions and gather data on their origins and acceleration mechanisms [8][12][26]. Group 2: Solar Radio Imaging Telescope - The "Ring Array" solar radio imaging telescope, consisting of 313 antennas, is located near the Daocheng city and is designed to monitor solar activities that affect space weather [15][19]. - This telescope has successfully predicted solar eruption events, improving the accuracy of space weather forecasts significantly [16][19]. - The construction of the Ring Array was completed five months ahead of schedule, showcasing the efficiency of the research teams involved [32]. Group 3: Scientific Advancements and Collaborations - The observatory has led to breakthroughs in cosmic ray research, including the observation of the highest energy gamma photons and the identification of a super cosmic ray source [26][27]. - International collaborations have been established, with 32 astrophysical research institutions from various countries joining the LHAASO international cooperation group [32]. - The advancements in detection technology and the establishment of these facilities reflect China's commitment to becoming a leader in cosmic ray and astrophysics research [28][30].

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant advancements in cosmic ray research facilitated by the LHAASO (Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory) located in Daocheng, Sichuan, which has made key discoveries regarding cosmic ray origins and acceleration mechanisms [1][2][8] Group 1: LHAASO Overview - LHAASO is the world's highest and largest gamma-ray detection facility, built to address the long-standing mystery of cosmic ray "knee" formation [2][3] - The observatory covers an area of 1.36 square kilometers and employs nearly 10,000 advanced detectors using four different detection technologies [3][6] - The facility has successfully captured the highest energy gamma photons and confirmed the first super cosmic ray source, marking a leap in China's cosmic ray research capabilities [7][10] Group 2: Technological Innovations - The observatory's design and construction involved collaboration among over 50 research institutes, universities, and enterprises, overcoming numerous technical challenges [10] - The addition of 32 new large-scale imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes is expected to enhance the observatory's spatial resolution by over five times [3][5] - The Ring Array Solar Radio Telescope, another major scientific installation in the region, has demonstrated its capability to predict solar events with high accuracy [5][10] Group 3: Research Impact - LHAASO's findings have revolutionized the understanding of cosmic rays and challenged traditional theories regarding their origins [8][9] - The observatory has recorded significant cosmic events, including the brightest gamma-ray burst to date, GRB 221009A, leading to new insights into gamma-ray bursts [7][8] - The advancements in cosmic ray research are part of China's broader strategy to enhance its scientific capabilities and achieve technological self-reliance [9][10] Group 4: Future Prospects - Daocheng is becoming a hub for major scientific installations, attracting more research projects and enhancing its capacity for sustainable development in scientific research [11] - The ongoing developments in the region are expected to further elevate China's position in deep space exploration and scientific research [11]

"2.5米大视场高分辨率太阳望远镜"是由中国教育部推荐、国家自然科学基金委员会批准立项的国家重 大科研仪器研制项目。 据悉，该项目计划研制一架以大视场、高分辨率太阳观测为核心能力，同时兼顾夜天文时域天文学观测 的大型望远镜，是全球最大的轴对称太阳望远镜。 观测台址选在海拔4700米的稻城县无名山上。该地位于四川省西南部，具有优良的大气宁静度和太阳观 测条件。 目前，望远镜本体即将建造完毕。望远镜计划在2026年底完成配套项目基建及望远镜总装，并进行整体 性能调试。 这是稻城太阳观测台站工程结构模拟图。（南京大学供图） 新华社成都6月25日电（记者余里、边思琪）"2.5米大视场高分辨率太阳望远镜"配套项目24日在四川省 甘孜藏族自治州稻城县无名山顺利启动。这意味着，中国将在海拔4700米的山区建设新一代太阳望远 镜。 项目总负责人、南京大学天文与空间科学学院教授丁明德介绍，望远镜主镜口径达2.5米，看得清的同 时更能看得广，分辨率较国内外现有的大口径太阳望远镜有所提升的同时，观测视场也扩大了3到4倍， 能够覆盖整个太阳活动区。 "目前已有的太阳望远镜，虽然能够清晰观察到太阳表面小尺度的精细结构，但对研究太阳活动 ...