中新社合肥8月24日电 题：国际月球科研站"朋友圈"为何越来越大？ ——专访深空探测实验室研究员、系统研究院战略室主任任筱强 中新社记者 张强 贾亦夫 国际月球科研站是中国倡议发起、多国参与在月球表面、月球轨道和地面建设的综合性科学实验设施。 国际月球科研站蓝图如何勾勒？如何推动国际月球科研站全球合作开放共享？深空探测实验室研究员、 系统研究院战略室主任任筱强近日接受中新社"东西问"专访，解读上述问题。 现将访谈实录摘要如下： 中新社记者：中国为何提出合作建设国际月球科研站？ 任筱强：当今世界范围内的月球探测任务呈现出四大发展趋势，即以重大科学发现与月球资源开发利用 为主要目标，以长期驻留开展广泛的探测活动为主要方式，以政府牵引、传统航天和新兴航天企业参与 为共同力量，以广泛的国际合作为实施途径。 深空探测实验室由中国国家航天局、安徽省、中国科学技术大学三方共建，是一所面向世界航天科技前 沿和中国航天强国战略要求，围绕深空探测领域国家重大科技工程和国际大科学计划，开展战略性、前 瞻性、基础性研究，实现科学、技术、工程融合发展的新型科技研发机构。近年来，深空探测实验室有 力支撑鹊桥二号、嫦娥六号等国家深空探测重 ...

今年6月，北京大学牵头，联合浙江大学、哈尔滨工业大学、南方科技大学、北京智源人工智能研究 院、龙软科技、数字绿土等多所高校及研究机构，与黑龙江省牡丹江市镜泊湖管委会深入合作，在镜泊 湖火山地下熔岩管道，建立了"类月球地下空间"教学实习基地，为深空探测积累关键技术储备。 在地球上如何开展月球与行星科学研究？有一种途径是，在地球上特定区域，寻找最具代表性的"类行 星环境"，建立教学实习基地。 北京大学还联合西北大学、香港大学、中南大学等高校，在辽宁省鞍山市岫岩满族自治县的陨石坑，建 立了"陨石坑比较行星学"教学实习基地。陨石坑是太阳系天体表面的普遍特征，对我国境内陨石坑的深 入研究，能为理解其他天体的撞击坑特征提供重要的地球参照。 "类行星环境"系列教学实习基地的建设，不仅为行星科学教学与科研提供了平台，更以"地球版月宫"为 切入点，向"太空采矿"等月面资源原位利用技术迈出坚实步伐。接下来，相关团队还计划围绕熔岩管探 测与数字孪生建模、行星资源探测和开发、机器人集群自主协同仿真训练等课题展开攻关，为载人登月 任务、月球国际科研站建设提供验证场景和技术储备。 总体来看，"类行星环境"系列教学实习基地的建设令人期待， ...

国际月球科研站概念图。 深空探测实验室供图 深空探测实验室展厅内的中国首次火星探测火星全球影像图。 本报记者 康 朴摄 研究人员在月壤3D打印系统前进行科研工作。 深空探测实验室供图 在月球盖房子，要从地球运建材吗？ 长期留驻月球，饮用水也要地球"发货"、飞船"快递"吗？ "有望在月球上就地取材！"走进位于安徽合肥的深空探测实验室，记者从科研人员口中听到令人振奋的 消息。 2022年，国家航天局、安徽省、中科大三方共建深空探测实验室。3年多来，从无到有、从"0"到"1"， 深空探测实验室产出一批未来感十足的科技成果，镌刻下一个又一个探索无垠星空的时代坐标。 日前，记者来到深空探测实验室探访。 建房饮水月球上就地取材 科研人员的底气，来自两项创新成果。 先看盖房子。 "这是我们3D打印的模拟月壤砖。"深空探测实验室未来院高级工程师、"月壤3D打印系统"技术负责人 杨洪伦指着一块黑色方砖说，"用'月壤打砖机'实现'月球自建房'，我们已经有了一定的技术储备。" 此前，记者见识过各式各样的3D打印，小到工业构件，大到各类建筑物，应用领域不断拓展。没想 到，在月球上也将看到这项技术。 杨洪伦带记者来到"月壤3D打印系统 ...

Core Viewpoint - The development of a revolutionary glass hard drive technology by a research team led by Zhang Jingyu at Huazhong University of Science and Technology is set to transform data storage, offering a capacity of up to 360TB and the ability to permanently retain data [2]. Group 1: Glass Hard Drive Technology - The glass hard drive can store 25,000 HD movies and is designed for long-term data preservation, with a single write operation capable of retaining massive amounts of data [2]. - This technology has won the Excellence Award at the 2024 National Disruptive Technology Innovation Competition and is expected to be industrialized by the end of this year [2]. - The technology aims to serve critical areas such as internet data centers, AI model training data storage, and long-term preservation of historical archives [2]. Group 2: Innovations in Imaging Technology - The research team has achieved breakthroughs in single-photon imaging technology, reaching a resolution of up to one million pixels [3]. - This advancement allows for high-resolution imaging even in low-light conditions, which is crucial for applications in quantum communication and deep space exploration [3]. - The laboratory has facilitated the incubation of several tech companies and has initiated nearly 100 research projects, resulting in 46 authorized invention patents, with many technologies reaching international leading standards [3].

Core Viewpoint - The "Go! Build Mars" hard science fiction planetary science experience exhibition will open on July 18 at the China Architecture Museum, aiming to provide an immersive experience related to Mars exploration and human space migration [1][6][10]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition focuses on three main themes: "Deep Space Future," "Mars Construction," and "Space Art," transforming hard science concepts into interactive immersive scenes [6][10]. - It will feature over 10 interactive exhibits, more than 30 meteorites, and various art installations, including rare meteorites from Mars, the Moon, and other celestial bodies [10][12]. Group 2: Expert Involvement - The exhibition has received support from numerous experts, including academicians and professors from various prestigious institutions, enhancing the scientific credibility and educational value of the event [12]. Group 3: Duration and Goals - The exhibition will run until March 29, 2026, with the goal of providing a novel technological and cultural experience, inspiring youth interest in space science and exploration [13].

Group 1 - The core idea is that future lunar activities, such as construction and water extraction, can be achieved using local resources, eliminating the need for materials and supplies from Earth [1][2][3] - The lunar regolith 3D printing system developed by the Deep Space Exploration Laboratory can create lunar bricks using concentrated solar energy, allowing for the construction of various structures on the Moon [1][3] - The laboratory has developed a prototype for a lunar regolith water ice extraction system, which can extract water from the lunar soil, providing a sustainable source of drinking water and oxygen for future lunar bases [2][3] Group 2 - The Deep Space Exploration Laboratory has been operational in Hefei, Anhui Province for three years, focusing on major engineering projects related to lunar, planetary, and asteroid exploration [3] - The laboratory's research encompasses four main areas: deep space technology, deep space science, deep space resources, and deep space safety, with a total of 12 technical directions proposed [3] - The exploration of the universe is a significant theme for deep space activities, which have the potential to transform human understanding of the cosmos and expand living spaces beyond Earth [3]

Economic Growth and Development - The "14th Five-Year Plan" aims for significant economic growth, with an expected economic increment of over 35 trillion yuan during the five years, equivalent to recreating the Yangtze River Delta [8][10] - By 2025, the total economic output is projected to reach approximately 140 trillion yuan, contributing around 30% to global economic growth annually, with an average growth rate of 5.5% over the first four years [10] Innovation and R&D - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," R&D investment is expected to increase by nearly 50% compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," reaching an increment of 1.2 trillion yuan [15] - China has established 26 of the world's top 100 technology innovation clusters, leading globally, with over 460,000 high-tech enterprises [15] Green Development - China has achieved the highest global increase in forest coverage, with the forest coverage rate exceeding 25%, and the newly added forest area equivalent to the size of Shaanxi Province [24] - The air quality has improved, with the proportion of days with good air quality stabilizing at around 87%, a 3% increase from the "13th Five-Year Plan" period [24] Agricultural Development - Over 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland has been established, equivalent to the total land area of the top two grain-producing provinces, Heilongjiang and Henan [29] Infrastructure and Logistics - The construction of the national comprehensive transportation network has exceeded 90% completion, covering over 80% of counties and serving approximately 90% of the economy and population [34] - Logistics costs are projected to save over 4 billion yuan in 2024 and an additional 3 billion yuan in 2025 [34]

Core Viewpoint - China's economic strength has significantly increased over the past five years, with an average economic growth rate of 5.5% and an expected total economic volume of approximately 140 trillion yuan in 2023, reflecting a remarkable resilience amid various risks and challenges [1] Group 1: Economic Growth and Innovation - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes innovation as a crucial driver for economic development, with R&D expenditure increasing by nearly 50% compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," reaching 1.2 trillion yuan [1] - The number of global top 100 technology innovation clusters in China has reached 26, accounting for the highest share globally, with over 460,000 high-tech enterprises [1] Group 2: R&D Investment and Technological Breakthroughs - R&D investment is accelerating, with a projected 2024 R&D expenditure of 3.6 trillion yuan, representing 2.68% of GDP, and enterprises contributing over 77% of this investment [2] - Key core technologies are experiencing breakthroughs, such as a 72.6% increase in integrated circuit production in 2024, adding approximately 190 billion units [2] Group 3: Emerging Industries and Talent Development - Emerging industries are rapidly growing, with high-tech manufacturing value added expected to increase by 42% and the digital economy's core industries growing by 73.8%, reaching 10.4% of GDP [2] - China has the largest pool of human resources and R&D personnel globally, with over 5 million graduates in STEM fields annually, providing a solid foundation for technological breakthroughs [3] Group 4: Innovation Ecosystem - A unique Chinese innovation ecosystem is forming, with companies actively engaging in open-source ecosystems to promote technological innovation and application development [3] - The National Development and Reform Commission aims to implement an innovation-driven development strategy, integrating technology and industry innovation while fostering a supportive environment for comprehensive innovation [3]

Economic Growth and Strength - The economic output is expected to reach approximately 140 trillion yuan in 2024, with a projected increase of over 35 trillion yuan during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, equivalent to recreating the Yangtze River Delta region [1] - The average economic growth rate over the first four years of the plan is 5.5%, contributing around 30% to global economic growth annually [1] Manufacturing and Innovation - China remains the world's largest manufacturing power, with annual manufacturing value added exceeding 30 trillion yuan for 15 consecutive years [2] - Research and development (R&D) investment is set to reach a new high, with a nearly 50% increase compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," amounting to 1.2 trillion yuan [2] - The number of high-tech enterprises has surpassed 460,000, and China leads globally in several advanced technology fields [2] Regional Economic Development - The economic output of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area is projected to account for over 40% of the national economy by 2024 [4] - The Northeast region's grain production is expected to represent 25.3% of the national total, and crude oil production will account for 21% [4] Green Development - China has achieved the highest increase in forest coverage globally, with the forest coverage rate exceeding 25% [6] - The proportion of days with good air quality has stabilized at around 87%, an improvement of 3 percentage points compared to the "13th Five-Year Plan" period [6] - The installed capacity for renewable energy generation has historically surpassed that of coal power, establishing the largest clean power system globally [6] Agricultural Development - Over 100 million acres of high-standard farmland have been established, ensuring food security for the population [8] Infrastructure Development - The completion rate of the national comprehensive transportation network has exceeded 90%, covering over 80% of counties and serving approximately 90% of the economy and population [10] - Logistics costs are expected to save over 400 billion yuan in 2024, with an additional estimated saving of around 300 billion yuan this year [10] Social Welfare and Employment - The "14th Five-Year Plan" includes seven social welfare indicators, the highest proportion in any five-year plan to date, with urban employment additions stabilizing at over 12 million annually [12] - The income growth of residents is closely aligned with economic growth, and the income gap between urban and rural areas has further narrowed [14] Education and Healthcare - By 2024, the education level of the labor force is expected to reach or exceed the average level of middle-income countries, with a retention rate of 95% for nine-year compulsory education [16] - The number of practicing physicians per thousand people has increased from 2.9 to 3.6, and the basic medical insurance coverage rate remains stable at over 95% [18] Elderly and Childcare Services - The proportion of nursing beds in elderly care has increased to 64.6%, and over 1.8 million people are covered by long-term care insurance [20] - Comprehensive childcare service centers have been established in over 300 cities and large counties to enhance public trust in childcare services [20]

Group 1 - The Ministry of Commerce and nine other departments jointly issued the "2025 Home Service and Agriculture Action Work Plan," proposing 14 tasks to expand home service supply and promote consumption, aiding rural revitalization [1] - The Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce will hold a national "Elderly Service Consumption Season" from July to December, themed "Benefiting the Elderly, Quality Life" [1] - The first administrative division code management regulation has been introduced in China [1] Group 2 - As of the end of June this year, China's foreign exchange reserves reached $33,174 billion, an increase of $32.2 billion from the end of May, representing a growth of 0.98% [1] - The mandatory national standard for "Passenger Car Brake System Technical Requirements and Testing Methods" has been officially released and will take effect on January 1, 2026, including new requirements for "single pedal braking" [1] - The State Food Safety Committee allows employees to report risk hazards through a national food safety internal informant reporting system, with significant rewards for reporting major hazards [1] Group 3 - The Navy's Shandong aircraft carrier group successfully completed its visit and departed from Hong Kong [3] - China has established its first international scientific and technological organization in the field of deep space exploration [3] - The 12th World High-Speed Rail Conference will be held in Beijing from July 8 to 11 [3]