Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of data collection and analysis for quantitative investors to uncover hidden market patterns and gain an edge in stock market trading [1][4][5]. Group 1: Data Types and Importance - Level 1 data includes basic market information such as highest price, lowest price, opening price, closing price, trading volume, and trading amount, updated every three seconds [6][7]. - Level 2 data provides more detailed information, including tick data that captures every order during trading sessions, allowing for deeper analysis of market trends and trading signals [6][9]. Group 2: Key Period Factors - The article introduces a set of Level 2 factors based on key trading periods, categorized into four main types: price changes, price levels, trading amounts, and volume-price coordination, totaling 123 factors [12]. - Specific factors such as KeyPeriod_ret_zero and KeyPeriod_ret_low5pct show historical RankIC averages of -5.36% and 5.47% respectively, with win rates of 85.1% and 84.1% [2]. Group 3: Factor Performance - The performance of various factors is highlighted, with low price period factors like KeyPeriod_price_low5pct achieving a 20-day RankIC average of 5.59% and a win rate of 85.3% [2]. - Trading amount factors such as KeyPeriod_amount_top30pct show a 20-day RankIC average of 11.23% with a win rate of 84.8%, indicating strong predictive power [2]. Group 4: Research and Development - The article outlines ongoing research efforts to refine and develop new factors from Level 2 data, with a focus on enhancing the predictive capabilities of trading strategies [10][12]. - Previous reports have successfully identified effective factors, with some achieving historical RankIC averages above 9.2% and win rates around 76% [10].

Quantitative Factors and Construction Factor Name: KeyPeriod_ret_zero - **Construction Idea**: This factor focuses on the return characteristics during horizontal trading periods within key intraday timeframes, leveraging Level 2 tick data to refine minute-frequency factors[7][25][41] - **Construction Process**: - Identify horizontal trading periods based on minimal price fluctuations - Calculate returns during these periods using tick-level data - Aggregate and smooth the data over different time horizons (e.g., 5-day, 20-day)[25][27] - **Evaluation**: Demonstrates strong predictive power for stock selection, with high IC stability and win rates[7][25] Factor Name: KeyPeriod_ret_low5pct - **Construction Idea**: This factor captures return characteristics during significant downward price movements within key intraday timeframes[7][25][64] - **Construction Process**: - Identify periods where returns fall within the bottom 5% of all intraday returns - Calculate and aggregate these returns over different time horizons - Apply smoothing techniques to enhance signal stability[25][27] - **Evaluation**: Exhibits robust performance in identifying underperforming stocks, with high IC values and win rates[7][25] Factor Name: KeyPeriod_price_low5pct - **Construction Idea**: This factor focuses on price levels during periods of low prices (bottom 5%) within key intraday timeframes[7][25][88] - **Construction Process**: - Identify periods where prices fall within the bottom 5% of all intraday prices - Aggregate and smooth the data over different time horizons - Incorporate buy/sell distinctions for further refinement[25][32] - **Evaluation**: Effective in capturing undervalued stocks, with strong IC performance and high win rates[7][25] Factor Name: KeyPeriod_amount_top30pct - **Construction Idea**: This factor targets periods of high transaction amounts (top 30%) within key intraday timeframes[7][25][110] - **Construction Process**: - Identify periods where transaction amounts are in the top 30% of all intraday amounts - Aggregate and smooth the data over different time horizons - Differentiate between buy and sell transactions for enhanced granularity[25][35] - **Evaluation**: Demonstrates strong predictive power for high-liquidity stocks, with high IC values and win rates[7][25] Factor Name: KeyPeriod_amount_low50pct - **Construction Idea**: This factor captures periods of low transaction amounts (bottom 50%) within key intraday timeframes[7][25][133] - **Construction Process**: - Identify periods where transaction amounts are in the bottom 50% of all intraday amounts - Aggregate and smooth the data over different time horizons - Incorporate buy/sell distinctions for further refinement[25][35] - **Evaluation**: Useful for identifying low-liquidity stocks, though performance is less consistent compared to other factors[7][25] Factor Name: KeyPeriod_sync_low50pct - **Construction Idea**: This factor measures volume-price divergence during periods of low synchronization (bottom 50%) within key intraday timeframes[7][25][155] - **Construction Process**: - Identify periods where volume and price movements are least synchronized - Aggregate and smooth the data over different time horizons - Differentiate between buy and sell transactions for enhanced granularity[25][38] - **Evaluation**: Effective in capturing unique market dynamics, with strong IC performance and high win rates[7][25] --- Backtesting Results KeyPeriod_ret_zero - **IC Mean**: -5.36% (20-day horizon)[27] - **Win Rate**: 85.1% (20-day horizon)[27] - **IR**: 1.34 (2020-2025)[55] KeyPeriod_ret_low5pct - **IC Mean**: 5.47% (20-day horizon)[27] - **Win Rate**: 84.1% (20-day horizon)[27] - **IR**: 1.41 (2020-2025)[77] KeyPeriod_price_low5pct - **IC Mean**: 5.59% (20-day horizon)[32] - **Win Rate**: 85.3% (20-day horizon)[32] - **IR**: 2.22 (2020-2025)[97] KeyPeriod_amount_top30pct - **IC Mean**: 11.23% (20-day horizon)[35] - **Win Rate**: 84.8% (20-day horizon)[35] - **IR**: 1.37 (2020-2025)[123] KeyPeriod_amount_low50pct - **IC Mean**: -10.50% (20-day horizon)[35] - **Win Rate**: 75.0% (20-day horizon)[35] - **IR**: 0.77 (2020-2025)[145] KeyPeriod_sync_low50pct - **IC Mean**: 6.00% (20-day horizon)[38] - **Win Rate**: 81.5% (20-day horizon)[38] - **IR**: 1.44 (2020-2025)[172]