Japan's Fertility: More Children Please Japan Kohei Asao, Danila Smirnov, and TengTeng Xu SIP/2024/025 IMF Selected Issues Papers are prepared by IMF staff as background documentation for periodic consultations with member countries. It is based on the information available at the time it was completed on April 15, 2024. This paper is also published separately as IMF Country Report No. 24/119. 2024 JUN © 2024 International Monetary Fund SIP/2024/025 IMF Selected Issues Paper Asia and Pacific Department Japa ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry under discussion. Core Insights - The share of women in managerial and leadership roles in Japan is among the lowest globally, with significant gender gaps driven by cultural norms, unique employment practices, and childcare availability [4][12][19]. - Increasing female labor force participation is not sufficient; structural changes in employment practices and policies are essential to promote women's advancement into leadership roles [37][41]. Summary by Sections A. Introduction - More gender diversity in leadership correlates with higher productivity and profitability, yet Japan has low female representation in leadership roles despite progress in female employment [11][12]. - The analysis identifies key drivers of gender gaps in leadership and suggests public policies to address these issues [12]. B. Women Leaders and Gender Gaps: Recent Developments - Female labor force participation rose from 63% in 2012 to 74% in 2022, while 54% of female employment is in non-regular jobs, limiting career advancement [14][15]. - The gender wage gap in Japan is 22%, significantly higher than the OECD average, with only 13% of managerial roles held by women in the private sector [15][16]. C. Empirical Analysis: Key Drivers of Gender Gaps in Leadership - Cultural norms and the burden of household responsibilities hinder women's career growth, with women performing five times more unpaid work than men [20][28]. - The quality of employment, characterized by long working hours and limited flexibility, negatively impacts women's representation in managerial roles [28][30]. - The availability of public childcare facilities is positively associated with the share of female managers, highlighting the need for continued expansion of these services [33][40]. D. Policy Recommendations - Stricter enforcement of targets for female representation in managerial roles is necessary, with mandatory quotas shown to be effective in other countries [37][41]. - Reforming employment practices to promote flexible working arrangements and linking promotions to merit rather than seniority can enhance women's career advancement [37][39]. - Increasing the usage of paternity leave and expanding childcare facilities are critical to improving work-life balance and supporting women's leadership [39][40].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the Djibouti industry. Core Insights - Djibouti's economy has experienced significant growth driven by infrastructure investments, with real GDP increasing by 50% between 2013 and 2021. However, this growth has not translated into substantial labor market improvements, with unemployment rates remaining high, particularly among youth [11][12][40]. - The capital-intensive nature of Djibouti's growth model has limited job creation, leading to a structural unemployment rate that has increased from 24% to 26.8% during the investment boom [15][18]. - There is a notable mismatch between the skills of the labor force and the demands of the economy, exacerbated by a lack of vocational training and adult learning opportunities [11][22][23]. Summary by Sections Labor Market Dynamics - Djibouti's economic boom has not resulted in significant formal labor market gains, with an unemployment rate of 47% in 2017 and labor force participation at only 45% [13][40]. - The analysis of Okun's Law indicates that job creation has become less sensitive to economic growth, with the impact of a 1% output gap on unemployment declining significantly during the investment boom [15][18][19]. Human Capital and Education - The education system has improved, with gross primary enrollment increasing from 51.5% in 2004 to nearly 100% in 2022. However, secondary school enrollment remains low at around 50% [23][25]. - There is a pressing need for increased investment in health and education to build human capital, as current spending is below that of peer countries [41][43]. Fiscal Space and Governance - Djibouti's fiscal space has shrunk over the last decade, with a declining revenue-to-GDP ratio and poor governance of state-owned enterprises limiting the mobilization of dividends [41][42]. - The report emphasizes the importance of reforms in SOE governance, tax policy, and revenue administration to enhance fiscal space and support inclusive growth [42][54]. Economic Diversification - The report suggests that diversifying the economy away from reliance on port activities could foster job creation, with sectors like construction, tourism, and agriculture identified as potential growth areas [27][28][40]. - Significant investments are required to develop alternative sectors, improve infrastructure, and enhance connectivity to support economic diversification [29][32].

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE REPORT REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS Consumer Price Index Mission (January 15–26, 2024) MAY 2024 Prepared By David Baran Authoring Department: Statistics Department DI ...

【机构龙虎榜解读】糖尿病诊疗+医疗器械+KIMI，投资月 之暗面，综合运用移动互联网等新技术手段进行糖尿病诊 疗，获得美国FDA105项产品认证，这家公司获净买入 电报解读 I/ 电报内容 2024.05.08 9:18 星期三 【龙虎榜|九安医疗今日涨停三机构合计净买入1.34亿元】财联社5月8日电，九安医疗今日涨停，龙虎榜数据显 1/电报解读 一、盘面简述 市场全天震荡调整，创业板指领跌。盘面上，合成生物概念股再度爆发，瑞丰高材、星湖科技、蔚蓝生物、鲁抗医药等近10股 涨停。细胞免疫治疗概念股开盘大涨，冠吴生物、泰林生物、中源协和、南京新百等涨停。猪肉股午后走强，华统股份涨停。 煤 炭、电力股盘中一度走高，晋控煤业、西昌电力、华银电力涨停。总体上个股跌多涨少，全市场超4200只个股下跌。板块方 面，细胞免疫治疗、合成生物、猪肉、贵金属等板块涨幅居前，AI语料、铜缆高速连接、手机游戏、华为异腾等板块跌幅居前。 北向资金全天净卖出40.44亿 二、 机构动向 今日机构参与度较咋日有所提升，净买卖额超1000万元个股共16只，净买入8只，净卖出8只，其中净买入湖北宜化9913万、九 三、焦点公司 网+医疗解决方 ...