Core Viewpoint - Iran's Foreign Ministry strongly opposes and condemns the European countries' submission of a notification to the UN Security Council regarding Resolution 2231, claiming it violates the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) and the resolution itself [1][2]. Group 1: Iran's Position - Iran asserts that the European countries lack legal or moral authority to invoke the "snapback" mechanism of Resolution 2231, deeming their notification invalid and without legal effect [1]. - The JCPOA's dispute resolution mechanism is highlighted as an essential part of the agreement, designed to prevent any party from abusing their rights, particularly by countries like Germany, France, and the UK that have not fulfilled their commitments [1]. - Iran emphasizes that the misuse of the mechanism, especially following the illegal attack on its nuclear facilities by the US, reflects malicious intent [1]. Group 2: Criticism of European Countries - Iran accuses the European countries of ignoring the broader context and distorting the sequence of events, claiming they are rewarding violators while punishing victims [2]. - The unilateral withdrawal of the US from the JCPOA in 2018 and the subsequent re-imposition of sanctions are attributed to the US, not Iran, while the failure of European countries to mitigate the economic impacts of this withdrawal is also criticized [2]. - The decision by the European countries is said to severely undermine the ongoing interactions and cooperation between Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), with Iran indicating it will respond appropriately to this provocation [2].

Core Points - Iran and the three European countries (UK, France, Germany) held a new round of nuclear negotiations in Geneva on August 26, focusing on the views regarding UN Security Council Resolution 2231 [1] - Iran's Deputy Foreign Minister, Karimi, emphasized the country's commitment to seeking a mutually beneficial diplomatic solution and urged the European nations and the UN Security Council to provide diplomatic time and space [1] - The 2015 nuclear agreement required Iran to limit its nuclear program in exchange for the lifting of international sanctions, with Resolution 2231 endorsing the agreement and including a "snapback" mechanism for sanctions in case of violations, which is effective until October 18 of this year [1] Summary by Sections Negotiation Context - The recent negotiations followed a previous round on July 25 in Geneva, indicating ongoing diplomatic efforts between Iran and European powers [1] Diplomatic Stance - Iran's position remains focused on diplomacy, with calls for the European nations to make the right choices regarding the nuclear agreement [1] Sanctions Mechanism - The "snapback" mechanism allows signatories to respond to Iran's violations, highlighting the pressure on Iran to comply with the nuclear agreement and cooperate with the International Atomic Energy Agency [1]

伊朗国家电视台报道称，本周二，伊朗将与2015年伊核协议的三个欧洲缔约方（英、法、德）以及欧 盟，在日内瓦举行副外长级别的新一轮谈判。在与以色列的12天军事冲突结束后，伊朗暂停了与联合国 核监督机构的合作。德黑兰方面认为，国际原子能机构（IAEA）未能谴责以色列和美国对其核设施的 打击行为。欧洲三国威胁称，将根据2015年核协议启动"回弹机制"——该机制将重新实施协议框架下已 取消的联合国制裁，除非伊朗同意限制其铀浓缩活动，并恢复与国际原子能机构核查人员的合作。伊朗 对启动该条款的合法性提出异议，指责欧洲国家未履行协议中的承诺。 2015年，伊朗与美国、英国、法国、俄罗斯、中国和德国达成伊核问题全面协议。2018年，美国单方面 退出该协议，随后恢复并不断升级对伊单边制裁。在阿曼斡旋下，美国和伊朗自今年4月以来举行五轮 由斡旋方居中传话的间接谈判，双方在若干核心议题上分歧巨大。第六轮谈判原定于6月15日举行，因 以色列突袭伊朗而取消。 在此前的冲突中，美国对伊朗的核设施实施了打击。卡塔尔半岛电视台25日称，伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊 24日表示，美国企图通过对抗迫使伊朗服从，那些主张通过与美直接谈判解决问题的人是"浅 ...

西方国家近期以启动"快速恢复制裁"机制相要挟，要求伊朗继续履行伊核协议，包括与国际原子能机构 恢复全面合作、按照伊核协议限制核发展规模等。伊朗外长阿拉格齐对此表示，欧洲无权讨论或执行伊 核协议，包括"快速恢复制裁"机制。 （文章来源：新华网） 根据2015年签订的伊朗核问题全面协议，伊朗承诺限制其核计划，国际社会解除对伊制裁。联合国安理 会随后通过第2231号决议，对伊核协议加以核可。该决议包含"快速恢复制裁"机制，允许协议签署国采 取措施应对伊朗的违规行为，这一机制的有效期至今年10月18日。 据伊朗伊斯兰共和国广播电视台25日报道，伊朗外交部发言人巴加埃宣布，伊朗与英法德三国26日将在 瑞士日内瓦就伊核问题等举行会谈。 巴加埃表示，此次副外长级别的会谈是伊朗外长22日与英法德三国外长和欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表 通话的后续行动。会谈除讨论解除制裁和核问题外，还将讨论联合国安理会第2231号决议及其未来走 向。 ...

Group 1 - Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has ruled out the possibility of direct negotiations with the United States, accusing Washington of seeking Iran's "surrender" [1] - Khamenei's remarks come amid increasing domestic pressure in Iran to change its approach and seek a friendly relationship with the U.S. [1][2] - The Iranian Foreign Minister revealed that there had been contact with U.S. envoy Steve Witkoff, who proposed resuming negotiations, coinciding with a rise in reformist voices within Iran [1][2] Group 2 - Reformist politicians believe that diplomatic engagement could lead to significant economic and political reforms, while hardliners have reacted strongly against this notion [2] - Khamenei has expressed support for the reformist President Masoud Pezeshkian, urging the public to back those serving the nation and dismissing calls for Pezeshkian's removal [2] - The recent conflict between Iran and Israel resulted in over 1,000 civilian deaths and heightened public anxiety, with ongoing concerns about a potential resurgence of hostilities [2] Group 3 - Despite increasing pressure, Tehran remains unwilling to curtail its nuclear program, with discussions ongoing between E3 countries and the Iranian Foreign Minister regarding the potential activation of a sanctions "snapback" mechanism [2][3] - The deadline for utilizing this mechanism is October 18, but E3 must initiate the process weeks in advance [3] - Iran has rejected E3's threats and is not inclined to resume negotiations with the U.S. or cooperate with the International Atomic Energy Agency, which has been suspended since the June conflict [3]

Core Viewpoint - Iran's Foreign Minister Zarif publicly criticized Europe for lacking the authority to discuss or enforce mechanisms related to the Iran nuclear deal, particularly the "snapback sanctions" mechanism, highlighting the complexities of the Middle East nuclear issue and Europe's relatively passive role in international affairs [1][3][4] Group 1: Iran's Position and Strategy - Zarif's statement reflects Iran's firm stance on its sovereignty and nuclear technology development, indicating that any attempts to manipulate or reinstate sanctions will be deemed invalid by Iran [3][4][6] - The joint letter from France, Germany, and the UK to the UN threatening to reinstate sanctions if Iran does not reach a diplomatic solution by a set deadline may escalate tensions, as Iran prioritizes its national interests over external pressures [3][4][9] - Iran's rejection of European intervention signifies a shift towards a more assertive and independent foreign policy, positioning itself as a key player in the regional power dynamics [6][9] Group 2: Implications for International Relations - The current situation underscores the limitations of multilateral mechanisms in addressing conflicts of national interest, particularly when faced with a resolute state like Iran [4][7] - The renewed focus on the Iran nuclear issue increases uncertainty in the Middle East, as European attempts to enforce the deal through sanctions may not yield the desired outcomes and could exacerbate regional tensions [6][9] - The evolving dynamics suggest that traditional diplomatic tools and mechanisms are facing significant challenges in the new geopolitical landscape, necessitating a reevaluation of strategies to achieve a balanced and pragmatic resolution [7][9]

Core Viewpoint - Iran's Foreign Minister Zarif stated that Europe has no authority to discuss or enforce the Iran nuclear deal, including the "snapback sanctions" mechanism [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Iran Nuclear Deal - The 2015 Iran nuclear deal required Iran to limit its nuclear program in exchange for the lifting of international sanctions [1] - The UN Security Council approved the nuclear deal through Resolution 2231, which includes the "snapback sanctions" mechanism [1] European Position - France, Germany, and the UK sent a letter to the UN indicating that if Iran does not reach a diplomatic solution by the end of August, they will restore sanctions against Iran [1] - Zarif criticized Europe's "zero enrichment" stance as contradictory to the nuclear deal, asserting that Europe cannot discuss any part of the agreement [1]

Core Viewpoint - France, Germany, and the UK have indicated their readiness to reinstate sanctions on Iran if a diplomatic resolution regarding its nuclear program is not reached by the end of August 2025 [1][2] Group 1: Diplomatic Actions - The foreign ministers of France, Germany, and the UK sent a joint letter to the UN Secretary-General, stating their position on Iran's nuclear negotiations [1] - The letter emphasizes that if Iran does not reach a diplomatic solution by the specified deadline, the three countries are prepared to activate a rapid reinstatement of sanctions [1][2] Group 2: Background and Context - The three countries are signatories of the 2015 Iran nuclear deal and have expressed concerns over Iran's actions since 2019, which they believe violate the agreement [1] - The "snapback sanctions" clause in the 2015 agreement allows signatories to respond to Iran's violations, and this clause is set to expire in October 2023 [2] - A recent meeting in Istanbul between Iran and the three European countries discussed the possibility of extending the deadline for sanctions reinstatement if Iran cooperates with the US and the International Atomic Energy Agency [2]

Group 1 - The UK, France, and Germany have sent a letter to the UN indicating that if Iran does not reach a diplomatic solution regarding its nuclear issues by the end of August 2025, they are prepared to reinstate sanctions [2] - The letter emphasizes that the three countries have legitimate reasons to reimpose sanctions due to Iran's violations of the nuclear agreement since 2019 [2] - The "snapback sanctions" clause from the 2015 nuclear agreement allows signatories to respond to Iran's non-compliance, and this clause is set to expire in October 2023 [2] Group 2 - In late July, discussions took place in Istanbul between Iran and the UK, France, and Germany, where the European representatives proposed extending the deadline for the "snapback sanctions" mechanism if Iran agrees to resume negotiations with the US by September [3] - Iran's Foreign Minister stated that the three European countries lack legal or moral grounds to initiate the "snapback sanctions" mechanism, and if they persist, Iran may exclude them from future nuclear negotiations [3]

Core Points - The U.S. Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control announced sanctions against a shipping network controlled by Iranian businessman Mohammad Hossein Shahriari, involving over 50 entities and individuals, as well as more than 50 oil tankers and container ships [1] - This is the largest scale of sanctions implemented since the U.S. government's "maximum pressure" campaign against Iran began in 2018 [1] - The shipping network is responsible for transporting Iranian and Russian oil, oil derivatives, and other goods worldwide [1] Sanctions Details - The U.S. State Department also announced sanctions against 20 entities involved in the trade and transportation of Iranian oil and petrochemical products, and froze assets of 10 ships [1] - The sanctions are part of a broader context following the U.S. withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal in May 2018, which led to the reimposition of various sanctions against Iran [1] Negotiation Context - Since April, there have been five rounds of indirect negotiations between the U.S. and Iran regarding the nuclear issue and the lifting of sanctions [1] - The sixth round of negotiations, originally scheduled for June 15, was canceled due to an Israeli attack on Iran [1] - During the military conflict between Israel and Iran, the U.S. conducted airstrikes on three Iranian nuclear facilities [1]