Core Viewpoint - The transformation of Lianjiang from a heavily polluted river to an ecological river highlights the effectiveness of systematic governance and innovative institutional frameworks in environmental protection [1][4][6]. Group 1: Background and Historical Context - Lianjiang, once known as the "mother river" of the Chaoshan region, faced severe pollution due to industrial waste and untreated sewage discharge since the 1990s, leading to a significant ecological crisis [2]. - The river's water quality deteriorated to below Class V standards for several years, with some sections losing aquatic life entirely [2]. Group 2: Governance and Institutional Innovation - The key to Lianjiang's restoration lies in the implementation of the river chief system, which established a multi-tiered responsibility framework across provincial, municipal, and local levels [3]. - This system transformed the role of river chiefs into accountable guardians of water quality, effectively addressing the long-standing issues of fragmented governance and unclear responsibilities [3]. Group 3: Comprehensive Management Approach - The governance strategy combined source reduction, process control, and end-of-pipe treatment, including shutting down polluting enterprises and constructing wastewater treatment facilities [4]. - The approach also involved comprehensive management of tributaries and pollution outlets, alongside ecological restoration efforts to rebuild the river's ecosystem [4]. Group 4: Impact on Development Philosophy - The successful management of Lianjiang reflects a shift in development philosophy from prioritizing economic growth over environmental protection to recognizing the synergy between ecological health and economic value [5]. - The transformation illustrates that environmental protection and economic development can coexist and mutually reinforce each other [5]. Group 5: Lessons and Future Implications - The experience in Guangdong serves as a model for national water pollution prevention efforts, emphasizing the importance of accountability and sustained commitment to environmental governance [6]. - The role of central ecological and environmental inspections has been crucial in maintaining ecological standards and ensuring the success of such initiatives [6].

Group 1 - The meeting emphasized the importance of implementing the "Regulations on Rural Cadres' Integrity in Performing Duties" to ensure comprehensive learning among rural officials [2] - It was highlighted that responsibilities must be enforced across various departments, focusing on key areas such as subsidy fund distribution and "three capital" management, to strengthen supervision and accountability [2] - The meeting called for a deep understanding of the political, serious, and authoritative nature of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection, ensuring effective rectification of feedback issues [2] Group 2 - The meeting stressed the need to continuously deepen the rectification of improper conduct and corruption issues affecting the public, focusing on key areas and further investigating problem clues [2] - It was noted that the promotion of traditional culture, specifically Tang poetry, is crucial for showcasing Xi'an's unique cultural resources and enhancing its global cultural status [3] - The meeting also discussed other matters related to the implementation of the central government's directives and local governance improvements [4]