来源：环球网 【环球网科技综合报道】11月16日消息，中国科学院精密测量院詹明生、许鹏团队近日在中性原子量子 计算领域取得突破性进展。该团队创新性提出并实验验证了基于光纤阵列的量子计算新架构，成功解决 了原子量子计算中高并行、高速率与高稳定性寻址操控难以兼顾的核心难题。相关成果于11月4日发表 在国际知名期刊《自然-通讯》上，标志着我国在量子计算基础研究与核心器件开发领域迈出关键一 步。 面对行业痛点，研究团队独辟蹊径设计全新架构。其核心创新在于为每个量子比特配置独立控制通道， 将原子囚禁光与寻址光通过同一根单模光纤传输，经共享光路在真空中聚焦形成光镊。这种共路设计使 控制光束与原子陷阱天然空间对齐，从根源上消除了机械振动或热漂移导致的光路失准问题，为稳定高 效的量子控制提供了物理保障。 实验数据显示，在64根光纤构成的阵列中，团队通过10路通道实现了对10个单原子的精准寻址操控。单 个原子的单比特门操作平均保真度达99.66%，4个随机选择的量子比特同时执行任意单比特门操作时， 平均保真度仍保持在99.61%。此外，团队还成功实现两原子间的里德堡态阻塞，为高保真两比特门的 研发奠定了重要基础。该架构具备灵活 ...

Core Insights - The research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made significant advancements in neutral atom quantum computing by proposing and experimentally validating a new architecture based on fiber arrays, addressing the challenges of achieving high parallelism, high speed, and high stability in addressing control [1][2] Group 1: Research Achievements - The team successfully stabilized 10 single atoms in optical traps formed by fiber arrays, demonstrating high-fidelity "arbitrary single-qubit gate" parallel control in a two-dimensional atomic array for the first time [1] - The observation of the Rydberg blockade effect between two atoms is a key physical foundation for achieving high-fidelity two-qubit gates [1] Group 2: Technological Innovations - The proposed architecture allocates independent fiber control channels for each qubit, enabling synchronous, high-speed, and precise control of any atom, marking a breakthrough in atomic addressing technology [2] - The architecture resolves the contradiction between high precision and high efficiency in single-atom control, providing critical technical support for the next generation of scalable applications in neutral atom quantum computing [2]

Core Insights - The research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made significant advancements in neutral atom quantum computing by proposing and experimentally validating a new architecture based on fiber arrays, addressing the challenges of achieving high parallelism, speed, and stability in atomic control [1][2]. Group 1: Research Achievements - The team successfully trapped 10 single atoms in a light trap formed by a fiber array, demonstrating high-fidelity "arbitrary single-qubit gate" parallel control in a two-dimensional atomic array for the first time [1]. - The observation of the Rydberg blockade effect between two atoms is a key physical foundation for achieving high-fidelity two-qubit gates [1]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The proposed architecture allocates independent fiber control channels for each qubit, enabling synchronous, high-speed, and precise control of any atom, thus overcoming previous limitations in addressing technology [2]. - This innovation is crucial for advancing neutral atom quantum computing towards the next generation of scalable applications, providing essential technical support for practical quantum computing [2].

记者日前从中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院获悉，该院詹明生、许鹏团队在中性原子量子计 算领域取得重要进展。该团队创新性提出并在实验中验证了一种基于光纤阵列的原子量子计算新架构， 解决了原子量子计算难以同时实现高并行、高速率和高稳定性寻址操控的难题。相关成果发表在《自然 ·通讯》上。 面对这一难题，研究团队创新性提出一种基于光纤阵列的原子量子计算架构新方案。方案为每个量子比 特分配独立光纤控制通道，使系统能够同步、高速、精准地操控任意原子，在实验上实现了"既快又 准"的原子寻址技术突破。 研究团队负责人许鹏研究员介绍道，在原型系统中，团队在光纤阵列形成的光阱里稳定囚禁了10个单原 子，首次在二维原子阵列中展示了高保真的"任意单比特门"并行操控，并清晰观测到两原子的里德堡阻 塞效应——这是实现高保真两比特门的关键物理基础。"该架构可以通过复制通道来扩大规模，并且兼 容集成光子芯片，为迈向大规模中性原子量子计算提供了新的路径。"许鹏说。 中性单原子阵列因具备可扩展、高保真门操作、长相干时间及连接可重构性等特点，被视为最有潜力迈 向大规模、容错量子计算的平台之一。然而，如何实现高效且精准的单原子操控，一直是该体 ...