Core Viewpoint - The implementation of land and housing rights registration for rural homesteads is transforming dormant assets into valuable wealth for farmers, with significant progress made in the registration process across the country [2][4]. Group 1: Progress in Registration - Approximately 70% of rural homesteads have completed registration, with over 170 million entries in the national real estate registration database [2]. - The Ministry of Natural Resources has strengthened organizational coordination and improved the regulatory framework since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party, leading to significant advancements in the registration process [2][4]. Group 2: Case Studies of Asset Utilization - In Jiangsu, a successful exchange of homesteads between two families illustrates the practical benefits of having a legal property certificate, enabling them to fulfill their housing desires [3][4]. - In Zhejiang, the issuance of property certificates has allowed farmers to rent out their homes, leading to increased tourism revenue and the revitalization of rural areas [8][9]. Group 3: Enhanced Government Services - The government has improved service efficiency by decentralizing registration services to local centers, allowing farmers to complete the process with minimal travel [6][7]. - Nationwide, 14,000 service points have been established to facilitate easier access to registration services for rural residents [6]. Group 4: Economic Impact - The activation of idle rural properties has led to significant economic benefits, with 25,000 properties revitalized, creating nearly 40,000 jobs and generating substantial income for local communities [9]. - The integration of rural industries, such as homestays and cultural spaces, has been bolstered by the legal recognition of property rights, enhancing farmers' economic prospects [9].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the severe decline of fishery resources in Zhoushan, China's largest fishing ground, primarily due to overfishing and unsustainable practices, leading to economic difficulties for local fishermen [1][2][5]. Group 1: Fishery Resource Decline - Zhoushan is recognized as China's largest seafood production and processing base, but overfishing since the 1970s has led to a significant decrease in key fish species [1]. - The average annual decline of marine fishery resources in China decreased from 13% (2013-2017) to 4% (2018-2022), yet the overall trend remains negative due to various factors including climate change and pollution [1][2]. - Local fishermen report a continuous drop in catch efficiency, with about 10% of "cage boats" unable to sustain operations in recent years [1][2]. Group 2: Causes of Overfishing - Experts attribute the decline in fishery resources to excessive fishing intensity, characterized by an increase in the number of fishing vessels and advancements in fishing technology [2][5]. - The transition from traditional wooden boats to larger, more efficient steel vessels has led to higher catch rates, exacerbating the depletion of fish stocks [2][5]. - The lack of legal recognition for fishermen as stakeholders in resource management contributes to the overfishing problem, as anyone can fish without restrictions [5][6]. Group 3: Economic Impact on Fishermen - Fishermen like Shen Ke express that the current situation is dire, with fish prices plummeting and operational costs rising, leading to unsustainable practices [3][4][8]. - The cost of labor has nearly doubled in the past five years, while fish prices have significantly decreased, resulting in financial losses for many fishermen [3][4]. - Fishermen are increasingly resorting to distant ocean fishing to maintain their livelihoods, but the overall economic viability remains precarious [4][8]. Group 4: Environmental Concerns - The nearshore marine ecosystem in Zhoushan is fragile, with high levels of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus, and a low water quality compliance rate of 28.3% [9]. - Abandoned fishing gear, termed "ghost gear," poses a significant threat to marine life and contributes to plastic pollution in the ocean [9][10]. - The article highlights the need for improved public awareness and community involvement in marine conservation efforts to address these environmental challenges [10][11]. Group 5: Policy and Management Recommendations - Experts suggest that establishing a fishing quota system and recognizing fishermen as legal entities could help manage fishing intensity and promote sustainable practices [5][7]. - The implementation of modern fishing gear and techniques, along with community engagement in marine protection, is essential for the long-term recovery of fishery resources [11][12]. - Recent initiatives in Zhoushan, such as the establishment of marine protected areas and investment in ecological restoration, are steps towards addressing the ongoing crisis [11][12].

中办、国办发布关于完善中国特色现代企业制度的意见，其中提到，健全企业产权结构。尊重企业独立 法人财产权，形成归属清晰、结构合理、流转顺畅的企业产权制度。国有企业要根据功能定位逐步调整 优化股权结构，形成股权结构多元、股东行为规范、内部约束有效、运行高效灵活的经营机制。鼓励民 营企业构建简明、清晰、可穿透的股权结构。 ...

财政部 税务总局关于支持 欢迎扫描下方二维码关注： 各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市财政厅（局）、地方税务局，西藏、宁夏自治区国家税 务局，新疆生产建设兵团财务局： 为落实中共中央、国务院《关于稳步推进农村集体产权制度改革的意见》要求，支持农村集 体产权制度改革，现就有关契税、印花税政策通知如下： 一、对进行股份合作制改革后的农村集体经济组织承受原集体经济组织的土地、房屋权属， 免征契税 。 二、对农村集体经济组织以及代行集体经济组织职能的村民委员会、村民小组进行清产核资 收回集体资产而承受土地、房屋权属， 免征契税。 对因农村集体经济组织以及代行集体经济组织职能的村民委员会、村民小组进行清产核资收 回集体资产而签订的 产权转移书据 ， 免征印花税。 三、对农村集体土地所有权、宅基地和 集体建设用地使用权 及地上房屋确权登记， 不征收 契税。 农村集体产权制度改革有关税收政策的通知 （财税〔2017〕55号） 提示： 1、根据《财政部 税务总局关于契税法实施后有关优惠政策衔接问题的公告》 (财政部 税务总局公告 2021年第29号)，本文件第一条、第二条第一款、第三条继续执行。 2、根据 财政部 税务总局关于 ...

畅通经济循环 推进统一大市场建设(一） 杨成长 龚 芳 曾培春 高效完备的制度体系是全国统一大市场畅通运行的重要前提基础。从市场基础制度来看，全 国统一大市场建设包含了三个层次的制度，分别是市场运行制度、信用制度以及产权制度 从实践来看，企业全生命周期包含创立、成长、成熟、衰退四个阶段，对应到市场运行活动 中的准入、竞争、退出三个环节。高效、统一的市场准入、退出及公平竞争制度是保障企业主体 正常生产经营和参与社会经济运行的重要制度基础 良好的信用环境和信用机制是维系企业间商业活动秩序、降低企业交易成本的制度保障。信 用制度作为市场"软环境"的集中体现，也是纵深推进全国统一大市场建设的重要制度基础 完善的产权保护制度是激发全社会创新潜力、鼓励创业的重要制度基础。加快完善产权制 度，彻底厘清企业有限产权责任与企业家个人财产之间的界限，坚决杜绝企业家个人无限连带责 任的现象，已成为激发民营主体活力，畅通国内大循环的关键所在 应对外部市场环境不确定性的挑战，全面激发内需市场活力，释放内需增长潜能成为稳经济 稳预期的关键所在。今年政府工作报告将全方位扩大国内需求放在首要位置，并明确提出要通过 纵深推进全国统一大市场建设 ...

Core Viewpoint - The development of a new type of rural collective economy is a crucial aspect of deepening rural reform in China, aimed at promoting comprehensive rural revitalization and increasing farmers' income [1][2]. Policy Background and Implementation - The growth of rural collective economy is seen as a vital pathway to achieve common prosperity for farmers, addressing issues such as unclear ownership of collective assets and unequal distribution of benefits [2]. - Since 2015, pilot reforms have been initiated in 29 counties to enhance farmers' rights to collective assets, leading to the formal introduction of the "new type of collective economy" concept in 2016 [2][3]. - By the end of 2020, 53.1 million administrative villages had completed reforms, representing 94.9% of the total villages in the country [3]. Financial Support and Development Trends - From 2018 to 2022, approximately 100,000 administrative villages received financial support from the central government to develop collective economies [4]. - The number of villages without operating income decreased from 195,000 in 2018 to 113,000 in 2023, while the proportion of villages with income below 100,000 yuan dropped from 43.1% to 32.9% during the same period [4]. Organizational Structure and Management - The establishment of rural collective economic organizations is essential for the development of the new type of rural collective economy, with a focus on standardizing their operations [5]. - By the end of 2023, 99.1% of villages had implemented financial transparency, and 98% had established democratic financial management groups [5]. Asset Management and Oversight - As of 2023, the total assets of rural collective economic organizations reached 9.61 trillion yuan, with total revenue of 715.73 billion yuan [6]. - The government has emphasized the need for a robust supervision and management system to prevent the loss of collective assets and ensure proper governance [6][7]. Reform Challenges and Future Directions - The rural collective property rights reform is crucial for revitalizing rural collective assets, but challenges remain, such as unclear asset ownership and a lack of market recognition for collective economic organizations [11]. - Future efforts should focus on enhancing the legal framework for collective asset rights and improving the management capabilities of rural collective economic organizations [12][13]. Diverse Development Models - Various regions have adopted different models for developing the new type of rural collective economy, including resource development, industry-driven approaches, service-oriented income generation, and asset management [14][15][16][18]. - For instance, in Fujian Province, a village developed a scenic area through collective investment, while in Guangdong, collective assets were quantified into shares to enhance value [15][18].