点击图片▲立即试听 上周，最高领导人连续走访越南、马来西亚、柬埔寨三个东南亚国家。 财经评论员刘晓博撰文指出：当前， 重点实施"周边战略"，跟欧洲形成关税联盟，再加上非洲战略、南美战略，中国就可以稳住外贸基本盘，还 可以有所增长。 对中国企业家而言，这也是一次企业转向"生而全球"的好契机。 以上述东南亚三国为例，走访期间，双方总共签署超过105份双边合作文件，在当前国际秩序和经济全球化遭受冲击的背景下，此次的"商业订单 大礼包"可以说是给中国企业出海找了三个"铁杆队友"。 武汉阳逻港通往越南凯莱港的航线 其中，越南45份，涵盖互联互通、人工智能、海关检验检疫、农产品贸易、文化和体育、民生、人力资源开发等领域。 " 这既是一场 ' 用空间换时间 ' 的战略布局，更是一次 ' 以合作破壁垒 ' 的全球突围。 " 文 / 巴九灵（微信公众号：吴晓波频道） 关税战下，"元首外交"成了关注焦点。 马来西亚和柬埔寨，均为30多份，前者涵盖数字经济、服务贸易、"两国双园"升级发展、联合实验室、铁路、知识产权、农产品输华、大熊猫保 护等领域；后者涉及产供链合作、人工智能、发展援助、海关检验检疫、卫生、新闻等领域。 为什么优先 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the strategic importance of Southeast Asia for Chinese enterprises, highlighting the potential for collaboration and economic growth amidst global trade tensions and changing international dynamics [1][2][3]. Group 1: Economic Strength - Cambodia's GDP is projected to reach approximately $43.24 billion in 2024, with an expected growth rate exceeding 6% [12]. - Malaysia's GDP is estimated at around $465.54 billion in 2024, with a per capita GDP of approximately $12,400 [31]. - Vietnam's export dependency is high, with a GDP export reliance of 80%, positioning it as a key intermediary in global supply chains [53]. Group 2: Trade Characteristics - China has been Cambodia's largest trading partner for 13 consecutive years, with bilateral trade expected to reach $15.18 billion in 2024, a year-on-year increase of 23.8% [24][25]. - In 2024, the trade volume between China and Malaysia is projected to be $212.04 billion, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 11.4% [36]. - The total trade volume between China and Vietnam is anticipated to be approximately $261.22 billion in 2024, marking a new high in recent years [60]. Group 3: Industry Models - Cambodia is characterized as a low-cost manufacturing hub, focusing on labor-intensive industries such as textiles and electronics assembly [6][10]. - Malaysia serves as a strategic partner in advanced manufacturing, with significant contributions from the electronics and automotive sectors [47]. - Vietnam is recognized as a critical market for global supply chains, facilitating trade between China and developed countries like the U.S. [54][56]. Group 4: Strategic Opportunities - The recent visits by Chinese leaders to Southeast Asia resulted in over 105 bilateral cooperation agreements, enhancing opportunities for Chinese enterprises to expand internationally [3][5]. - The "Diamond Six" cooperation framework between China and Cambodia aims to deepen economic ties and investment, with Chinese direct investment in Cambodia reaching $1.38 billion in 2023, a year-on-year increase of 118% [22][23]. - Malaysia's strategic location and strong consumer market make it an attractive destination for Chinese companies looking to penetrate Southeast Asian markets [41][45]. Group 5: Challenges and Considerations - Cambodia faces challenges such as low-skilled labor and infrastructure deficits, which may hinder long-term development [20][29]. - Malaysia must address pressures related to industrial upgrades and maintaining its competitive edge in the global market [48]. - Vietnam's demographic challenges, including an aging population, could impact its economic growth trajectory [65].

Core Viewpoint - Vietnam is undergoing significant reforms aimed at economic transformation, with a target to achieve an 8% GDP growth by 2025 and to become a high-income country by 2045 [2][7]. Economic Growth and Reforms - Vietnam has raised its 2025 economic growth target from 6.5%-7.0% to 8% and aims for an average annual GDP growth of 6%-8% over the next 20 years [2][7]. - The government is reducing the number of provincial administrative units by about 50% and local institutions by over 70%, reallocating savings to infrastructure and education [1][2]. Investment Landscape - Vietnam has become a key destination for Chinese direct investment, with $2.84 billion projected for 2024, accounting for 14.4% of total foreign investment agreements [2][4]. - The manufacturing sector, particularly in electronics, has seen a surge in Chinese investments, with a focus on solar energy, consumer electronics, home appliances, and automotive industries [3][4]. Labor Market and Demographics - Vietnam's population surpassed 100 million in 2023, with a median age of 33, indicating a young workforce and a growing consumer market [8]. - The labor force participation rate is 68.5%, with an average monthly wage of approximately 2,143 yuan, which remains significantly lower than in China [8][9]. Challenges and Opportunities - Vietnam faces challenges such as declining birth rates, prompting government initiatives like 15 years of free education to enhance population quality and stimulate birth rates [9]. - The stock market has shown strong performance, with the Ho Chi Minh Index rising 12% in 2023 and 13% in the first half of 2024 [10]. Trade Dynamics - Vietnam's economy is heavily export-oriented, with an export dependency ratio of 80% [12]. - China is a major trading partner, with a total trade volume of approximately $261.22 billion in 2024, marking a new high [16]. Industrial Development - Vietnam is transitioning from labor-intensive industries to high-tech manufacturing, with a goal for high-tech products to account for at least 45% of the manufacturing sector by 2030 [10]. - The electronics sector is a key area for growth, with Vietnam acting as a processing hub for major global brands like Samsung and Intel [21]. Market Opportunities - Opportunities exist in supply-side capacity transfer in industries like electronics and textiles, as well as demand-side expansion in home appliances and renewable energy [20][22]. - The e-commerce market in Vietnam is rapidly growing, with a projected value increase from $3.798 billion to $5.645 billion from May 2023 to April 2024, reflecting a 48% year-on-year growth [24][25].