线上约车、动态响应、票价和普通公交一样……近日，河北石家庄、邯郸和长沙等地相继推 出的"网约公交车"服务，引发社会广泛关注。这种融合灵活性与普惠性的出行模式，不仅优化了 群众出行体验，还有效破解传统公交在非高峰时段和低客流区域"空载率高、候车时间长"的难 题，为城市公共交通发展提供了新思路。 01 多地试水网约公交车 多地试水网约公交车，是公交运营企业身处困境下寻求自救的缩影。 过去十余年，随着出行方式日益多样化和公众出行需求升级，公交行业客流量锐减，叠加运营成本 攀升、政策适配性不足、服务与市场需求脱节以及地方财政承压，公交企业集体失血，陷入亏损、停运 等运营危机。为破局，不少公交企业通过创新运营模式、拓展多元化发展路径，努力在公益属性与市场 规律之间找到平衡点，持续提升"自我造血"能力。 例如，为更好适配公众出行需求，部分公交企业聚焦核心服务优化，以个性化、精细化服务增强竞 争力。针对城市公交路线规划不合理、发车频次失衡等痛点，石家庄公交通过优化站点与线路布局，提 升运营效率，有效提振市民乘车意愿。多地则推出定制公交、网约公交车等特色服务，则让公共交通服 务从"大水漫灌"式供给，转向"精准滴灌"式服务，是 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of prioritizing public transportation in urban development, highlighting a comprehensive approach that involves infrastructure, policy, technology, and operational services to enhance public transport efficiency and sustainability [1][2][9]. Infrastructure - Infrastructure is identified as a crucial support for public transport priority, impacting the efficiency and convenience of bus operations. Key measures include establishing dedicated bus lanes and large transfer hubs for seamless connections between different transport modes [1][4]. - In Baoji, 11 dedicated bus lanes covering 53.2 kilometers have been constructed to improve bus operation efficiency and reduce congestion [6]. Policy - Policies serve as a guiding framework for prioritizing public transport, ensuring that resources are allocated favorably towards bus services. This includes defining land use for bus infrastructure in urban planning [1][5]. - Baoji has implemented a new financial support model for public transport, transitioning from fixed subsidies to full financial coverage of operational deficits, thereby ensuring sustainable service provision [5]. Technology - The application of technology is crucial for enhancing the attractiveness of public transport. This includes using big data for dynamic scheduling and improving payment systems and vehicle safety [2][9]. Financial Support - Baoji's government allocates nearly 200 million yuan annually for bus subsidies, supporting the development of public transport infrastructure and services [2][5]. - The city has also established a framework for performance assessment and cost regulation to ensure effective use of financial resources in public transport [5]. Collaboration - Effective collaboration among various government departments is essential for the successful implementation of public transport strategies. Baoji's transportation department actively coordinates with finance, urban planning, and law enforcement to support public transport initiatives [4][6]. Land Use Planning - Baoji integrates public transport priorities into land use planning, ensuring that necessary facilities are included in urban development projects. This approach aims to secure land for bus stations and related infrastructure [8][9]. Community Engagement - The city promotes community involvement in public transport development, exploring innovative models such as "public transport + land development" to enhance service delivery and user experience [8][9].