中新社柏林10月13日电 题：不了解历史就无法读懂当代中国 ——专访德国汉学家施寒微 中新社记者 马秀秀 第二届世界中国学大会将于10月13日至15日在上海国际会议中心举办，主题聚焦"世界视野下的历史中国与当代中国"。 历史与当代怎样贯通？西方学界如何讨论中国式现代化？欧洲中国学研究如何增进中欧理解？应邀与会的德国著名汉学家施寒微(Helwig Schmidt- Glintzer)，日前接受中新社"东西问"专访。他表示，如果不了解历史，就无法真正读懂当代中国。 现将访谈实录摘要如下： 中新社记者：能否简要介绍当下欧洲中国学研究的整体状况？您如何理解"历史中国"与"当代中国"的关系？ 施寒微：欧洲的中国学研究有着长久传统，并为全球范围内关于中国的讨论作出了贡献。历史中国和当代中国过去都曾是研究主题。遗憾的是， 如今有一种倾向愈发明显，即相较于当下，人们对历史的重视程度正在降低。然而，如果不了解历史，就无法读懂当代中国。其中包括对中国古 代丰富的文学、历史、哲学以及早期科技发展，深刻影响中国文化的佛教，长期存在的多语言现象(包括满学)，以及对中国各地区多样性及其独 特文化特征的了解。 近代的诸多发展脉络，都能追溯 ...

Group 1 - The oil market is facing multiple challenges including structural competition and institutional rivalry, driven by the U.S. "Big and Beautiful" Act reversing clean energy policies and the EU's sanctions against Russia, which are reshaping supply chains [1][2] - Current oil soft power is influenced by various factors such as seasonal demand resilience, supply disruptions, and macroeconomic policy changes, leading to a lack of significant unilateral drivers for oil prices [3][4] - The "Big and Beautiful" Act promotes fossil fuel development, which may lead to deep disruptions in the energy sector and a reconfiguration of international energy dynamics [1][3] Group 2 - The EU's sanctions against Russia, including a ban on importing Russian oil products, aim to weaken Russia's energy supply power, although exceptions for certain countries highlight strategic compromises [3][4] - Seasonal demand remains resilient, supported by low inventory levels and strong consumption data, which helps stabilize oil prices in the medium term [3][4] - The interplay of geopolitical risk premiums, supply-demand rebalancing, and institutional innovation is driving the current volatility in oil prices, with future upward potential depending on the precision of structural adjustments and behavioral strategies [2][4]