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中金 • 全球研究 | 欧洲例外论?——欧洲市场的潜力与局限
中金点睛· 2025-08-12 23:49
Core Viewpoint - The European equity market is experiencing strong performance due to significant internal policy changes, while the sustainability of the "American exceptionalism" is under scrutiny, prompting investors to seek opportunities outside the U.S. [2][7] Group 1: New Opportunities in Europe - The macro environment has improved, leading to better valuations and earnings in Europe, particularly in sectors that previously lagged, such as banking, utilities, telecommunications, energy, and materials [3][10]. - Policy shifts, especially from Germany, are addressing structural issues and boosting economic growth, with fiscal support directed towards domestic-oriented industries that have underperformed [3][21]. - Global regional allocation is becoming more valuable, with Europe's market size, economic scale, diverse income sources, and institutional stability presenting relative advantages [3][32]. Group 2: Missing Elements in Europe - Despite positive developments, the European equity market still lacks key factors for a robust "European exceptionalism," including limited economic growth potential and structural challenges [4][44]. - The fragmented financial market in Europe hampers equity market performance, and political fragmentation poses challenges to necessary reforms [4][57]. Group 3: Investment Opportunities - The new investment narrative in Europe is shifting towards policy-driven "self-reliance," focusing on military spending, technology independence, energy policies, and enhancing domestic demand [5][59]. - The need for financial market reforms and leveraging Europe's substantial savings base is critical for driving investment [5][60]. Group 4: Policy Changes in Europe - Germany's fiscal plan could reach €1 trillion over the next decade, significantly impacting public spending and economic growth [21][22]. - The EU's "Re-Arm Europe" initiative, totaling €800 billion, aims to bolster fiscal spending, particularly in infrastructure, green transition, and digitalization [21][22]. - Regulatory changes and discussions around EU integration are gaining momentum, which could enhance investment attractiveness despite existing political challenges [26][27]. Group 5: European Market as a Potential Alternative - Regional diversification in investment is becoming increasingly important, with Europe presenting several advantages over other non-U.S. regions, including market size and economic scale [31][32]. - Europe's equity market comprises 12% of the MSCI ACWI index, making it one of the largest equity markets globally [31]. - The EU's stable institutional framework, despite slower decision-making, provides predictability and discipline in fiscal matters [32]. Group 6: Potential Funding Sources - European households currently allocate only 22% of their assets to equities, significantly lower than the U.S. at 41%, indicating potential for increased investment in the equity market [37][38]. - The asset management industry in Europe is well-developed, and recent macro changes could shift the investment landscape towards more favorable allocations in European equities [37][38].