新华社三亚12月22日电 题：中国在北纬18度探寻种业"振兴密码" 新华社记者张源培、赵颖全、罗江 12月，中国大部分地区已入冬，地处北纬18度的海南三亚温暖依旧。崖州湾国家实验室大豆种子创新团队首席科学家田志喜奔波于试验田和实验 室，探寻大豆增产的"基因密码"。 "中国大豆单产水平与美国、巴西等国相比还有差距，我们希望努力赶上。"田志喜说，他的团队围绕中国各大豆主产区的不同特点，正在培育更 加高产、稳产的大豆新品种。 中国用占世界9%的耕地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。在这背后，农业"芯片"种子功不可没。作为科研育种的理想之地，位于海南的国家南繁科 研育种基地见证了无数好种子的诞生。 "中国大部分地区一年只能种一季大豆，到海南多种一两季，大幅缩短了育种流程。"田志喜说。 大豆杂交后要获得性状稳定的新品种，通常要经过七到八代的繁殖和选择。田志喜说，在南繁培育、聚合多种优良性状的育种材料已在10多个省 份持续开展种植测试。 俯瞰海南省三亚市崖州区国家现代农业（种业）产业园（3月28日摄，无人机照片）。新华社发 "南繁"是一个农业术语，指的是利用南方温暖气候实现多季繁育，缩短育种周期。20世纪50年代起，中国各地科 ...

提升农业综合生产能力和质量效益。 ——摘自"十五五"规划建议 让南繁育种更有科技含量 前不久，在海南三亚的中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院试验基地，我们团队为几株特殊的大豆办了 场"周岁生日会"。从去年11月播种至今，它们已长到两米高，茎秆粗壮。这些"大豆树"，是我们多年科 研工作的成果。 我与大豆打了30多年交道，对大豆有着深厚的感情。大豆很"聪明"，能敏锐捕捉到夏至后每天日照变 短、黑夜渐长的细微讯息，启动开花结荚过程。大豆也很"执拗"，对光温极为敏感。选育一个优良新品 种，往往需要10到12年。近年来，育种周期成为我国大豆育种研究的关键。 如何加快品种更新？我们团队把主战场搬到了海南三亚的国家南繁科研育种基地，这里光温条件优渥， 是天然的育种加速器。过去，科研人员像候鸟一样，只在冬季来这里给育种材料上个"寒假补习班"，进 行加代繁殖。近年来，我们努力推动一场从"南繁"到"南育"的转型——要把这里从季节性的中转站，建 成全流程、现代化的育种创新基地。 但大豆是典型的短日照作物，大部分北方品种被引到低纬度的海南后，会提前开花，植株也会变得矮 小，难以进行关键的杂交操作，而杂交正是培育优良品种的源头。如何破解这个 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant contributions of Xu Ruyi, a key figure in the agricultural sector in Sanya, who has been instrumental in advancing seed industry initiatives and ensuring food security in China [1][2] Group 1: Seed Industry Development - Xu Ruyi and her team addressed challenges in the seed industry by creating comprehensive plans, including the "Sanya Seed Industry Revitalization Implementation Plan" and the "Sanya South Breeding Industry Chain Planning," which established a supportive framework for healthy industry development [1] - Over the years, Xu has facilitated the inclusion of over 13,000 acres of new land into the core area policy of the South Breeding Base, implementing five major enhancement projects to improve soil fertility, smart agriculture, environmental conditions, safety supervision, and supporting service facilities [2] Group 2: Research and Safety Initiatives - In 2022, Xu led the formulation and implementation of the "National South Breeding Research and Breeding Protection Zone Time-Based Usage Classification Management Implementation Plan (2022-2025)," which effectively improved the utilization efficiency of the South Breeding Base [2] - Xu has also established a "Chief Risk Officer" system for biological safety and a collaborative working mechanism for biological safety risk prevention, emphasizing the importance of institutional innovation in safeguarding the seed industry's biological security [2] Group 3: Personal Commitment and Recognition - Xu Ruyi embodies the spirit of dedication in her role, inspired by the words of renowned agronomist Yuan Longping, and has been recognized as a "People-Satisfied Civil Servant" in Hainan Province for her efforts [2] - She expresses a commitment to continue her work in the South Breeding Base, likening her dedication to that of a seed that takes root and grows, aiming to meet the expectations of the people through tangible achievements [2]