强转化。成果转化一头连着科技供给，一头连着市场应用。要加强知识产权保护和运用，强化创新成果 保护；建设高效成果转化平台，推动科技成果与产业需求对接；完善科技成果转化激励机制，激发科研 人员转化热情。今年3月份，国家知识产权局会同教育部等多个部门，完成了全国高校和科研机构存量 专利的首次大盘点，近135万件存量专利中，有超过94万件纳入了可转化资源库，并与45万家企业进行 了精准对接。 强基础。加强基础研究与技术创新，优化创新资源、生产要素配置，提升原始创新能力，打通应用基础 研究和产业化衔接。例如，福建去年瞄准产业科技前沿和数字化、智能化、绿色化创新需求，支持各类 创新主体实施3300多项省级科研攻关项目。 强主体。企业既是科技创新主体，也是产业发展主体。链主企业要积极牵头组建创新联合体，让龙头企 业、骨干企业、链主企业、专精特新"小巨人"企业、高校科研院所在核心技术攻关中唱主角，加强企业 间合作，共建产业创新生态。例如，京津冀地区鼓励企业加大研发投入，优化R&D经费配置结构，提 升自主创新能力。 强协同。企业积极出题，共促技术创新与产业升级；高校和科研院所积极领题，加强人才培养与科研攻 关；政府当好"服务员 ...

8月初，上海市、江苏省、浙江省、安徽省（以下简称"三省一市"）人大常委会以视频会议形式，共同 召开《关于促进长三角科技创新协同发展的决定》（以下简称《决定》）新闻发布会。这是长三角首部 以协同立法的形式针对科技创新协同发展制定的法规性决定，该《决定》将于今年9月1日起同步施行。 "这一重要立法成果，标志着长三角科技创新协同发展迈入法治化新阶段。"上海市人大常委会法工委副 主任崔凯说，此次协同立法，有利于将实践中行之有效的举措转化为制度安排，进一步破解制约科技创 新协同发展的瓶颈问题，以体制机制创新加快打造长三角科技创新策源地。 《决定》共19条，涉及落实国家战略、培育长三角原始创新能力和发展新动能等内容，明确提出"推动 长三角在科技强国建设中发挥战略支柱作用，成为国际创新网络的重要枢纽、全球科技创新高地"。 共建重大科技基础设施 科技创新之于长三角，已经是最有显示度的名片之一。长三角拥有上海张江、安徽合肥两个综合性国家 科学中心，已经布局有上海光源、合肥先进光源、国家未来网络试验设施、稳态强磁场实验装置等一大 批科研"大国重器"。 "《决定》的制定，有利于强化责任落实，以法治方式贯彻落实党中央重大决策部署。" ...

Core Viewpoint - The transformation and upgrading of traditional industries in China is crucial for building a modern industrial system and achieving high-quality development, driven by technological innovation and new technology applications [1][2]. Group 1: Transition from Catch-up to Leading Upgrade - The focus of traditional industry development has shifted from "catch-up" to "leading" upgrade, with many products now leading in global exports and some sectors achieving advanced technological levels [2]. - For instance, the steel industry accounts for over 50% of global crude steel production and 60% of global steel industry patent applications, indicating significant advancements [2]. Group 2: Shift from Local Optimization to Systematic Reconstruction - Traditional industry upgrades have evolved from localized improvements to systematic reconstruction, leveraging breakthroughs in technologies like 5G and artificial intelligence [3]. - The textile industry exemplifies this shift, moving from automation of single production processes to a comprehensive digital reconstruction of the entire production chain [3]. Group 3: Enhancing Original Innovation Capability - There is a need to boost original innovation capabilities in traditional industries, which currently face challenges such as low R&D investment intensity and insufficient foundational research [4]. - Industries like pharmaceuticals and aerospace have R&D investment intensities above 2%, while traditional sectors like food manufacturing and textiles are around 1% [4]. Group 4: Enhancing Fusion Innovation Capability - The integration of new technologies with traditional manufacturing is essential for systematic transformation, yet communication and collaboration between traditional industries and emerging technology providers remain inadequate [5][6]. - Developing service-oriented manufacturing and fostering a fusion innovation ecosystem are critical to overcoming these challenges [6].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the necessity of a strong foundational research and original innovation capability to build a technology powerhouse in China, highlighting the importance of a supportive innovation culture that fosters disruptive thinking and unconventional exploration [1][2]. Group 1: Elements of Innovation Culture - A culture that encourages original research must prioritize excellence and aim for breakthroughs from "0 to 1," focusing on solving significant scientific problems rather than short-term metrics like publication counts [2][3]. - There should be a recognition of the value of failure in scientific exploration, including mechanisms to acknowledge the contributions of unsuccessful projects and the importance of foundational work in research [3][4]. - An active and healthy academic environment is essential, allowing for diverse academic exchanges and the challenging of established theories, which can lead to groundbreaking ideas [3][4]. Group 2: Recommendations for Enhancing Innovation Culture - Reforming the research evaluation system to focus on original value, extending evaluation periods to 5-10 years, and incorporating international peer review mechanisms [4][5]. - Optimizing funding mechanisms to support risky and disruptive innovations, including the establishment of special funds for original exploration and a "failure funding" mechanism for projects that tackle significant scientific challenges [4][5]. - Creating an academic environment that allows unconventional scientists to thrive, including implementing a "three-year silence rule" for new theories to prevent premature criticism [5][6].

会议部署了2025年科学基金项目评审工作，盘活项目结余资金，规范经费使用管理，提高科学基金资助 效能，确保把宝贵的科技资源投向最具创新活力的一线科研人员。 自然科学基金委党组主要负责人、国务院办公厅秘书二局、中央纪委国家监委驻科技部纪检监察组、科 技部、审计署有关同志和自然科学基金委领导班子成员出席会议。 4月27日，国家自然科学基金委员会在北京召开2025年项目评审工作动员部署会暨压实依托单位主体责 任工作会议。 会议指出，我国基础研究实现长足发展，国家投入力度持续加大，2024年我国基础研究经费达2497亿 元，同比增长10.5%。有力支撑我国实现高水平科技自立自强，国家创新指数跃居世界第十位。 据介绍，锚定2035年建成科技强国的战略目标，国家自然科学基金将重点回答好两方面重大问题：一、 在增强我国原始创新能力方面，落实教育科技人才一体发展战略，推动原始创新和颠覆性创新。二、在 支撑经济社会发展方面，加强有组织的基础研究，主责承接重点研发计划和重大专项；拓展多元投入， 撬动更多社会资源投入基础研究；允许央企研发机构注册为依托单位，探索科学基金对民营企业进行支 持的新模式；设立面向全球的科学研究基金，提高 ...