撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 2 型固有淋巴细胞 （ILC2） 在维持和保护屏障组织功能中发挥关键作用，但同时也驱动与代谢活动改变相 关的慢性炎症过程。识别并靶向驱动 ILC2 介导炎症的代谢通路，可能有助于恢复组织稳态。 2025 年 12 月 10 日，波恩大学医院的研究人员在 Cell 子刊 Immunity 上发表了题为： Tolerance to ferroptosis facilitates lipid metabolism and pathogenic type 2 immunity in allergic airway inflammation 的研究论文。 该研究发现， 对 铁死亡 的耐受性促进了 过敏性气道炎症 中的脂质代谢和致病性 2 型免疫，表明了 对于 抗氧化系统依赖性的增强，代表了一种代谢脆弱性，可作为 哮喘 的潜在治疗靶点。 在这项新研究中，研究团队发现，在 过敏性气道炎症 中，致病性 ILC2 依赖 胱氨酸 来增强代谢适应性并 维持生存。 胱氨酸的摄取促进 谷胱甘肽 （GSH） 的合成，该过程与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶-4 （GPX4） 和硫氧还蛋白 还原酶-1 （TXNR ...

Core Insights - The article highlights the increasing prevalence of asthma globally, with over 358 million patients and an expected rise to over 400 million this year, particularly affecting children in China, where over 45 million are affected, including 15 million children [1][2] Group 1: Asthma in Children - Asthma is a common chronic disease among children, often triggered by allergens such as dust mites, pet dander, and certain foods, as well as environmental factors like cold air and vigorous exercise [3][4] - The condition is characterized by bronchial spasms leading to breathing difficulties, with a noted increase in cases due to allergies and viral respiratory infections [3][4] - While asthma cannot be cured, various treatment methods, including inhalation therapy and traditional Chinese medicine, can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life [3][4] Group 2: Asthma in Adults - Adult asthma can present atypically, with symptoms such as chronic cough and nighttime chest tightness, which may be mistaken for common colds [5][6] - Many adults may have experienced asthma symptoms in childhood, which can resurface in adulthood if not properly managed, potentially leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [6][7] - Older adults face higher asthma prevalence, often complicated by other chronic conditions, making treatment more challenging and increasing the risk of multi-organ damage [6][7]

Core Insights - The theme for World Asthma Day 2023 is "Ensuring Inhalation Therapy Benefits All Asthma Patients" [1] - Asthma is a prevalent chronic disease, with approximately 260 million patients globally and around 436,000 deaths annually [2] - In China, the asthma prevalence rate among individuals aged 20 and above is 4.2%, equating to about 45.7 million patients [2] Group 1: Understanding Inhalation Therapy - Inhalation therapy is central to asthma treatment, allowing medication to directly enter the airways with fewer systemic side effects [4] - The overall control rate of asthma in urban China is 28.58%, significantly lower than the 40%-50% control rates in developed countries [4] - Misunderstandings about inhalation medications, particularly corticosteroids, contribute to poor treatment adherence, with over 80% of patients stopping medication [2][4] Group 2: Pediatric Asthma - Approximately 7 million children in China suffer from asthma, which can lead to severe respiratory issues during acute episodes [7] - Asthma in children is often linked to allergies, with common triggers including mold, dust mites, and pet dander [9] - Children with a family history of asthma are at a higher risk, with a 2 to 5 times increased likelihood if one parent has asthma, and up to 50% if both parents are affected [9] Group 3: Exercise and Asthma Management - Exercise can be beneficial for asthma patients, improving lung function, but must be approached cautiously [12] - Children with asthma should only engage in physical activity if their condition is well-controlled and under medical guidance [12] - Avoiding allergens and extreme environmental conditions is crucial for asthma patients during exercise [12]