会议强调，针对地表基质理论基础不清、应用方向不明、后续动力不足等问题，未来应重点加强三方面 工作。一是紧密围绕国家粮食安全、生态文明建设、区域发展战略等重大需求，逐步推动地表基质调查 从试点探索转向面上铺开。二是加快建立全流程标准规范体系，促进多学科深度交叉融合，不断完善和 发展具有中国特色的地表基质学科理论体系。三是大力发展高精度、智能化调查监测技术装备，加快建 设国家地表基质数据库与信息服务共享平台，切实将调查成果转化为新质生产力。 会上，来自中国科学院、中国农业大学的专家围绕地表基质相关基础理论作主题报告。中国地质调查局 自然资源综合调查指挥中心解读了地表基质的科学内涵及生态功能，介绍了地表基质调查内容、技术方 法、专业监测设备研发情况。中国地质调查局相关局属单位、海南省地质调查院汇报了东北典型黑土 区、滨海盐渍化区、塔河下游、河套灌区、南方红土区、海南耕地区的地表基质调查进展及成果。与会 代表围绕探索地表基质调查新方法、加强人才队伍建设、助力经济社会高质量发展等展开热烈研讨，提 出一系列意见和建议。 近日，2025年全国地表基质调查交流研讨会在黑龙江省哈尔滨市召开。会议回顾总结了我国地表基质调 查研究 ...

Core Insights - The China Geological Survey has developed a comprehensive evaluation model for land resource suitability in Northeast China's black soil region, marking a significant transition from resource assessment to active resource utilization [1][2][3] Group 1: Evaluation Model and Findings - A new evaluation model covering "baseline identification - functional analysis - potential grading" has been established, providing precise technological support for land spatial planning and ecological protection [1] - The survey has delineated the quantifiable boundaries of black soil, identifying an area of 387,500 square kilometers, which constitutes approximately 94% of the surveyed area [2] - The project has revealed that 86.34% of the black soil area is classified as stable or relatively stable, while 88.66% of the area has medium or higher soil quality [2] Group 2: Carbon Storage and Environmental Impact - The project calculated a total carbon storage of 3.401 billion tons in the top 2 meters of the soil layer, with organic carbon storage reaching 2.117 billion tons, supporting carbon neutrality goals [3] - The findings indicate a strong correlation between different types of degradation and the structure of the surface matrix layer, suggesting a need for targeted remediation strategies [3] Group 3: Future Directions and Applications - Future investigations will expand coverage to enhance understanding of black soil resources and establish a normalized monitoring network, integrating with land planning and ecological restoration efforts [3] - The results have been applied in various scenarios, including black soil stripping projects and farmland quality management, providing robust technical support for national agricultural initiatives [3]

Core Viewpoint - The recent comprehensive survey of soil resources in Northeast China's black soil region has established a full-chain evaluation model, transitioning from understanding resource status to optimizing resource utilization, providing precise technological support for land planning, ecological protection, and resource-intensive use [1][2]. Group 1: Survey Findings - The survey delineated the "quantifiable boundary" of black soil, identifying an area of 387,500 square kilometers, which constitutes approximately 94% of the surveyed area, based on criteria of soil thickness and organic matter content [2]. - The project revealed the presence of multiple layers of black soil with thickness greater than 20 centimeters and organic matter content ranging from 15 grams per kilogram to 77.5 grams per kilogram, offering new scientific insights into the formation and evolution of black soil [2]. - The stability evaluation model developed by the project team categorized areas into stable, relatively stable, potentially unstable, and degraded zones, with 86.34% of the black soil area classified as stable or relatively stable [2]. Group 2: Carbon Storage and Environmental Impact - The project calculated a total carbon storage of 3.401 billion tons and organic carbon storage of 2.117 billion tons in the top 2 meters of the soil, with the top 20 centimeters accounting for 564 million tons, supporting the achievement of carbon neutrality goals [3]. - The findings indicate a strong correlation between different types of degradation and the structure of the surface matrix layer, suggesting that effective management should focus on geological causes and prioritize matrix management for precise restoration [3]. Group 3: Future Directions - The project aims to expand the coverage of soil surveys to enhance the understanding of black soil resources and establish a normalized monitoring network, integrating land planning, agricultural layout, ecological restoration, and carbon assessment [3]. - The results have been applied in various scenarios, including black soil stripping projects and farmland quality management, providing robust technical support for national initiatives on black soil protection and utilization [3].