Group 1 - The core theory of modern cosmology suggests that the universe underwent a rapid inflation phase shortly after its birth, leading to the formation of cosmic structures and the generation of primordial gravitational waves [1][2] - Primordial gravitational waves carry essential secrets about the universe's birth, with various cosmological models predicting different mechanisms and strengths for their generation [2][3] - Detecting primordial gravitational waves is crucial for understanding the quantum effects of gravity and the nature of spacetime, as they provide direct evidence of quantum fluctuations amplified by inflation [2][3] Group 2 - The search for primordial gravitational waves requires specific environmental conditions, with ideal observation sites having low median water vapor content, such as Antarctica, the Atacama Desert in Chile, Greenland, and the Ali region in Tibet, China [3] - The Ali Primordial Gravitational Wave Detection Experiment (AliCPT) successfully achieved its first light observation in April 2025 at an altitude of 5,250 meters, making it one of the most effective telescopes for this purpose [3] - AliCPT-1 has transitioned to the scientific observation phase, aiming to identify unique signatures of primordial B-mode polarization in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) over the coming years [3]

Group 1 - The mainstream theory of modern cosmology posits that the universe underwent a rapid inflationary phase shortly after its birth, leading to the formation of cosmic structures and the generation of primordial gravitational waves [1] - Primordial gravitational waves carry the core secrets of the universe's birth, with various theoretical models predicting different mechanisms and strengths for their generation [2] - Detecting primordial gravitational waves would provide direct evidence of quantum fluctuations in spacetime and could confirm the existence of gravitons, impacting our understanding of the nature of spacetime [2] Group 2 - The detection of primordial gravitational waves requires specific environmental conditions, with ideal observation sites having median precipitation levels below 2 millimeters [3] - The AliCPT experiment in Tibet, which began scientific observations in April 2025, is currently the largest in terms of effective aperture and number of detectors among similar international telescopes [3] - The exploration of primordial gravitational waves aims to reveal the universe's earliest characteristics, allowing for the "listening" of echoes from 13.8 billion years ago [3]

Group 1 - The mainstream theory of modern cosmology posits that the universe underwent a rapid inflationary phase shortly after its birth, leading to the formation of cosmic structures and the generation of primordial gravitational waves [1] - Primordial gravitational waves carry the core secrets of the universe's birth, with various theoretical models predicting different mechanisms and strengths for their generation [2] - Detecting primordial gravitational waves would provide direct evidence of quantum fluctuations in spacetime and could confirm the existence of gravitons, which is crucial for understanding the nature of spacetime [2] Group 2 - The detection of primordial gravitational waves requires specific environmental conditions, with ideal observation sites having median precipitation levels below 2 millimeters [3] - The AliCPT experiment in Tibet, which began scientific observations in April 2025, is currently the largest in terms of effective aperture and number of detectors among similar international telescopes [3] - The exploration of primordial gravitational waves aims to reveal the universe's earliest characteristics, allowing for the "listening" of echoes from 13.8 billion years ago [3]