Core Insights - The "LHAASO" (Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory) has successfully identified black hole accretion-driven microquasars as significant sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, revealing new insights into the origins of cosmic rays and the extreme physical processes of black hole systems [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - The cosmic ray proton energy spectrum shows an unexpected "bump" in the "knee" region, indicating the presence of a new type of source capable of producing extremely high-energy cosmic rays [2] - The findings suggest that there are multiple types of acceleration sources within the Milky Way, each with unique acceleration capabilities and energy ranges, with the "knee" representing the acceleration limit for high-energy components [2] Group 2: Technological Advancements - "LHAASO" is the world's most sensitive ultra-high-energy gamma-ray detection facility, located at an altitude of 4,410 meters in Sichuan, China, and is designed to decode high-energy particle signals from deep space [3] - The observatory employs a combination of ground-based particle detectors, water Cherenkov detectors, and wide-angle atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes to achieve high-precision, all-weather observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and gamma rays [3] Group 3: Future Plans - The research team plans to measure a broader energy range of the proton energy spectrum, ultimately covering four orders of magnitude in energy [2] - The team aims to deepen scientific data analysis and promote technological upgrades to address major international research questions in the field of cosmic ray studies [2]

Core Insights - The discovery by China's LHAASO observatory challenges the long-held belief that black holes are merely destructive entities, revealing them as sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays [1][2] - The research published in "National Science Review" and "Science Bulletin" provides insights into the formation of cosmic rays and identifies black holes as "super particle accelerators" [1][3] Group 1: Findings on Cosmic Rays - Cosmic rays are high-energy charged particles from space, primarily composed of protons and atomic nuclei, carrying significant information about the universe's origins and evolution [1] - The LHAASO observatory identified five micro-quasars, including SS 433 and V4641 Sgr, as sources of ultra-high-energy gamma rays, with SS 433's energy peak exceeding 1 PeV [2] - The energy output from these black holes is immense, with SS 433's energy comparable to the release of four hundred trillion hydrogen bombs [2] Group 2: Understanding the "Knee" Phenomenon - The "knee" in cosmic ray energy distribution, observed at around 3 PeV, has puzzled scientists for nearly 70 years, with previous theories suggesting a limit to the acceleration capabilities of cosmic ray sources [3] - LHAASO's advanced detection capabilities allowed for precise measurement of proton spectra in the "knee" region, revealing a new high-energy component rather than a simple bend [3] - This breakthrough indicates the presence of multiple types of acceleration sources within the Milky Way, each with unique acceleration capabilities and energy ranges, providing a new understanding of cosmic ray origins [3]