Group 1 - The core argument emphasizes that achieving national wealth is challenging and should not be defined by distant ideals or slogans, as this leads to unrealistic expectations and potential failures in policy implementation [2] - Lin Yifu predicts that by 2050, China's per capita GDP will reach 50% of the current level of the United States, indicating a need for China to focus on improving its economic conditions rather than immediately pursuing common prosperity [2][4] - The article highlights that even if Lin's goal is achieved, the concept of wealth remains distant, as per capita GDP does not reflect actual income levels for residents, with China's social security spending significantly lower than that of Nordic countries [4] Group 2 - Wang Xiaolu, deputy director of the National Economic Research Institute, argues that the focus should be on expanding the economic "cake" before addressing income distribution and public service improvements for low-income and vulnerable groups [6] - The article questions the notion that income disparity is solely a result of market economy dynamics, suggesting that all economic systems can experience polarization, and that competition is essential for efficiency [7] - The discussion includes the idea that progressive taxation could balance income distribution without undermining market principles, emphasizing the importance of effective governance in utilizing tax revenues for public welfare [8]