Core Argument - The article discusses the limitations of the theory of equality, suggesting that equality is more of a "luxury" in wealthy and secure societies rather than a universally applicable policy goal [2] Group 1: Historical Context - The United States, despite being the wealthiest and most secure country, is the most unequal among OECD countries, raising questions about the "American exception" [2] - Historical examples of countries that tolerated inequality for wealth include Britain during the Industrial Revolution, China post-reform, and the Roman Empire [3][4] Group 2: Cultural and Structural Factors - The American social contract is based on the promise of future wealth rather than equality, supporting the "American Dream" [5] - Cultural roots in the U.S. hinder the establishment of a redistributive social contract, making it difficult to adopt a Nordic model of equality [6][12] Group 3: Unique American Model - The U.S. model of inequality is sustainable only as long as it maintains its global leadership; other countries cannot easily replicate this model without facing strategic competition [7][8][11] - The U.S. can tolerate inequality due to its technological leadership and global dominance, which provides legitimacy to its system [9][13] Group 4: Lessons for Other Countries - Other nations should not mimic the U.S. model of inequality; instead, they should seek a balance between growth, innovation, and manageable inequality to ensure social stability [10][15]