在《 平等是真正的答案么？ （上） 》中，我回顾了《平等之魂》（ The Spirit Level ）的核心论点，并指出它的相关性证据存在局限：平等更多是一种 富裕、安全社会的"奢侈品"，并非普世可行的政策目标。北欧国家的平等是历史、资源与地缘政治环境的产物，而非所有国家都能效仿的蓝图。 那么问题来了：在富裕、安全条件最完备的国家——美国，这一理论为何却失灵？为什么作为全球最富有、最安全的国家，美国仍然是经合组织中最不平等 的成员？这正是我们需要探讨的"美国例外"。 美国是世界上最富有、军事最强大的国家，却也是发达国家中最不平等的。如果财富与安全是实现平等的先决条件，美国本应率先进入"平等成熟期"。但事 实恰恰相反：美国长期容忍巨大的贫富差距。要理解这一点，我们必须从历史、帝国逻辑与文化三个角度来审视美国。 并非历史唯一 美国并不是唯一一个容忍不平等以追求财富的国家。历史上有许多类似案例： 工业革命时期的英国 ：疯狂追求工业化与殖民扩张，城市底层陷于贫困。 改开后的中国 ：明确提出"让一部分人先富起来"，以增长为先。 罗马帝国 ：依赖征服与贡赋维持社会运转，国内贫富悬殊。 美国并不独一无二，它只是延续了大国与 ...

2009年，英国流行病学家理查德·威尔金森（Richard Wilkinson）与社会学家凯特·皮克特（Kate Pickett）出版了《平等之魂》（ The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better ）。这本书甫一问世，便在欧美政界、学界和媒体中引发巨大反响，被誉为"用数据击中社会不公 的宣言"。它的结论简单而有力： 在富裕国家中，不平等程度几乎决定了社会生活的质量。 更平等的社会更健康、更幸福、更有信任、更少暴力，教育更 好 。换言之，不平等不仅是不公平的，而且是有毒的。 书中展示了大量的散点图，将收入不平等的基尼系数与20多个发达国家以及美国各州的健康、犯罪、教育、信任等指标相联系。美国作为最不平等的发达 国家，几乎总是位于图表的一端，而北欧国家则聚集在另一端。结论鲜明： 通往更好社会的道路不是更多的增长，而是更多的平等 。 《平等之魂》迅速成为公共政策讨论的焦点。左翼政党将其奉为推动再分配与福利扩张的有力证据；一些政府部门引用其数据为社会政策辩护；媒体则盛赞 它"用统计学解码幸福"。与此同时，它也遭到批评，尤其是来自保 ...

Group 1 - Columbia University has reached an agreement with the federal government to pay over $200 million in settlement fees to end multiple federal investigations and restore federal research funding [1][2] - The settlement includes a payment of $210 million to resolve an investigation initiated by the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission [2] - The agreement allows Columbia to maintain autonomy in hiring, admissions, and academic decisions while implementing reforms to address federal concerns [2][3] Group 2 - The U.S. State Department has initiated an investigation into Harvard University regarding its eligibility to continue as a sponsor for the exchange visitor program [4] - Harvard University condemned the investigation as a retaliatory measure by the government, asserting it will continue to support international scholars and students [4][5] - The Trump administration has previously demanded significant reforms from Harvard, including changes to its management structure and admissions policies, which Harvard has resisted [6][7] Group 3 - The Trump administration has been pressuring several top universities to adjust their policies, particularly targeting perceived anti-Semitism and affirmative action in admissions [6][7] - Over $2 billion in federal funding has been frozen for various prestigious universities, including Cornell, Northwestern, Brown, and Princeton, due to non-compliance with the administration's demands [7]

美国总统特朗普：这是所有人的伟大胜利，我们将实现平等。 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. House of Representatives' "China Task Force" is investigating Harvard University for its collaborations with Chinese military-related institutions in dual-use technologies such as microelectronics, artificial intelligence, and quantum science [1] - Republican lawmakers, led by Chairman Mulvaney, have sent a 14-page letter to Harvard's president demanding internal documents and communications regarding the university's foreign partnerships, threatening to revoke its tax-exempt status if improper disclosures are found [1] - The investigation is part of a broader scrutiny of Harvard's operations, which has included inquiries into its handling of anti-Semitism and alleged collusion on tuition with other Ivy League schools [1] Group 2 - The U.S. government has been systematically targeting major universities for alleged violations of civil rights laws, resulting in significant federal funding cuts, including $400 million from Columbia University and nearly $1 billion from Cornell University [2] - The escalation of scrutiny towards Harvard reflects a political strategy by the U.S. government and Congress to establish boundaries regarding university operations and their connections with China, aiming to reshape higher education culture and demonize cultural exchanges with China [2]

Core Points - The seventh National Self-Reliance Model and Advanced Individuals in Assisting the Disabled Award Ceremony was held in Beijing, recognizing 200 "National Self-Reliance Models," 200 "Advanced Collectives in Disabled Persons' Work," and 60 "Advanced Individuals in Disabled Persons' Work" [1][4] - The selection of self-reliance models continues to focus on grassroots and frontline workers, with an average age of 43.28 years for the seven awardees from Hubei [2] Group 1: National Self-Reliance Models - Seven individuals from Hubei were recognized as National Self-Reliance Models, including a university teacher, a media editor, and a cooperative chairman, showcasing diverse contributions to society [3][4] - The awardees include individuals with disabilities who have excelled in various fields such as education, entrepreneurship, and community service, demonstrating resilience and innovation [2][3] Group 2: Advanced Collectives and Individuals - Seven collectives were awarded as Advanced Collectives in Disabled Persons' Work, including local disabled persons' federations and a public service center [3] - Two individuals were recognized as Advanced Individuals in Disabled Persons' Work, highlighting their significant contributions in healthcare and community leadership [4] Group 3: Broader Context - The event aims to showcase the achievements in the development of the disabled persons' cause in China, promoting values of equality, integration, and sharing [4] - The initiative is part of a broader effort by the State Council's Disabled Persons' Work Committee and other organizations to inspire self-esteem and self-reliance among the 85 million disabled individuals in the country [4]

Group 1 - The core message emphasizes the transformative power of sports for individuals with disabilities, as exemplified by athlete Jiang Yuyan's achievements and her inspiring journey [1][2][3] - Jiang Yuyan, who lost her right arm and leg at the age of three, has become a symbol of resilience and determination, winning 7 gold medals at the Paris Paralympics and setting 2 world records and 3 Paralympic records [1][2] - The recognition of Jiang Yuyan as the first Chinese athlete to receive the 2025 Laureus World Sports Award for Best Disabled Athlete highlights the growing acknowledgment of disabled athletes on the global stage [1][2] Group 2 - The success of recent events like the Beijing Winter Paralympics and the Hangzhou Asian Para Games has increased public awareness and understanding of the disabled community, promoting the idea of equality and shared experiences [3] - Innovations in technology, such as smart online sign language translation and sound-based payment systems, are enhancing the quality of life for disabled individuals, reflecting a societal shift towards inclusivity [3] - The narrative around the "Chinese Dream" encompasses the aspirations of all citizens, including those with disabilities, fostering a supportive environment for their participation in sports and society [3]

Core Points - President Trump announced plans to revoke Harvard University's tax-exempt status, stating "they deserve it" [4][5] - The conflict between Trump and Harvard has intensified, with Trump threatening to change the university's tax treatment for weeks [3][5] - Harvard University has refused to comply with the Trump administration's demands for significant reforms in its management and admissions policies [7][11] Group 1: Tax-Exempt Status - Trump has indicated that the revocation of Harvard's tax-exempt status is a consequence of the university's actions [4][8] - The potential loss of tax-exempt status could result in Harvard losing millions of dollars annually [8] - The IRS has been requested to initiate the process of revoking Harvard's tax-exempt status, which allows donors to receive tax deductions for their contributions [8] Group 2: Federal Funding and Compliance - The Trump administration has frozen approximately $2.26 billion in federal funding to Harvard due to the university's refusal to comply with government demands [11][12] - Harvard has filed a federal lawsuit against the Trump administration, claiming that the freezing of funds illegally harms the university's academic independence [12] - The administration has also scrutinized 117 violations by Harvard related to foreign funding reporting [10] Group 3: Broader Implications for Higher Education - The Trump administration has taken similar actions against seven other prestigious universities, indicating a broader strategy to pressure academic institutions to align with its political agenda [14] - The freezing of federal funds has been described as a normalization of extreme measures to influence university policies [14]