Core Insights - The article focuses on the archaeological significance of the Hemudu site, highlighting its discoveries that reshape the understanding of Neolithic culture in the Yangtze River Delta region [9][10][16]. Archaeological Discoveries - The Hemudu site, located in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, covers an area of 40,000 square meters, with significant findings from two major excavations conducted in 1973 and 1977, revealing a cultural layer approximately 4 meters thick [2][9]. - Notable artifacts include over 150 tons of carbonized rice, which, along with 170 bone farming tools, provides evidence of the earliest rice cultivation in the world [2][9]. - The site features well-preserved stilt houses, showcasing advanced construction techniques, including a 23-meter long house with ventilation and moisture-proofing features [3][14]. Cultural Artifacts - Various pottery types were discovered, including cooking vessels, storage jars, and decorative items, with intricate designs that indicate advanced artistic skills and the domestication of animals [5][6][13]. - The site yielded the earliest jade artifacts in the Yangtze River Delta, characterized by fine craftsmanship and smooth surfaces [6][9]. - Evidence of textile production was found, including wooden and ceramic spinning wheels, indicating a developed textile technology [7][9]. Social Structure - The burial practices at the site suggest social stratification, with some graves containing numerous ceremonial items, while others had minimal offerings, indicating a complex societal structure [8][9]. - The presence of various functional areas within the settlement, such as residential and storage zones, points to an organized community with distinct roles [8][9]. Historical Context - The Hemudu culture dates back approximately 7,000 to 5,000 years, contributing significantly to the understanding of Neolithic civilization in southern China [9][10][20]. - The cultural lineage of Hemudu is believed to be linked to earlier cultures in the region, with recent findings from the Jingtou Mountain site providing insights into its origins [18][19]. Environmental Adaptation - The inhabitants of Hemudu adapted to their coastal environment, utilizing marshlands for rice cultivation and fishing, which led to the development of a prosperous agricultural society [19][20]. - The transition of the Hemudu culture to the Liangzhu culture around 5,000 years ago indicates environmental changes and cultural exchanges in the region [20].

近日，"陶石辉映 文明曙光——张家口新石器时代考古成果展"在张家口市博物馆拉开帷幕。70余件珍 贵文物宛如时光使者，引领我们穿越回那个遥远而神秘的时代，探寻这一地区新石器时代的文化脉络。 展览，不仅仅是文物的陈列展示，更是一场跨越时空的文明对话。这些静默无言的陶器与石器，承载着 张家口地区从一万年前的文化萌芽迈向5000年前文明绽放的厚重历史，让我们沉浸式感受中华民族多元 一体格局的源远流长。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年09月27日 07 版） (责编：胡永秋、杨光宇) 步入展厅，一件人形双耳壶造型独特，吸引了众人目光。此壶于张家口宣化东门外黄土场出土，属新石 器时代晚期。壶身以孕妇形象为参照，其制作工艺复杂，由手工精心捏制而成，且经过压光、磨光等工 序，相较于同时期大量圆形的轮制陶器，更显珍贵。 石磨盘与磨棒的组合，将我们带入先民的日常生活。这些工具出土于尚义四台新石器时代遗址，是去除 植物种子外壳、研磨成粉的关键器具。通过对石磨盘表面提取的淀粉颗粒分析，考古人员发现，早在距 今7600年前后，四台地区的先民们就已开始加工粟和黍。 距今5000年左右，玉猪龙跟随先民的脚步，从辽河流域沿燕山北麓来到张家口 ...