近日，"陶石辉映 文明曙光——张家口新石器时代考古成果展"在张家口市博物馆拉开帷幕。70余件珍 贵文物宛如时光使者，引领我们穿越回那个遥远而神秘的时代，探寻这一地区新石器时代的文化脉络。 展览，不仅仅是文物的陈列展示，更是一场跨越时空的文明对话。这些静默无言的陶器与石器，承载着 张家口地区从一万年前的文化萌芽迈向5000年前文明绽放的厚重历史，让我们沉浸式感受中华民族多元 一体格局的源远流长。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年09月27日 07 版） (责编：胡永秋、杨光宇) 步入展厅，一件人形双耳壶造型独特，吸引了众人目光。此壶于张家口宣化东门外黄土场出土，属新石 器时代晚期。壶身以孕妇形象为参照，其制作工艺复杂，由手工精心捏制而成，且经过压光、磨光等工 序，相较于同时期大量圆形的轮制陶器，更显珍贵。 石磨盘与磨棒的组合，将我们带入先民的日常生活。这些工具出土于尚义四台新石器时代遗址，是去除 植物种子外壳、研磨成粉的关键器具。通过对石磨盘表面提取的淀粉颗粒分析，考古人员发现，早在距 今7600年前后，四台地区的先民们就已开始加工粟和黍。 距今5000年左右，玉猪龙跟随先民的脚步，从辽河流域沿燕山北麓来到张家口 ...

Core Viewpoint - Shenyang is integrating its rich historical and cultural heritage with modern vitality, showcasing a unique cultural narrative that reflects both ancient civilization and contemporary creativity [1][2][3][4] Group 1: Cultural Heritage and Tourism - The "2025 Light and Shadow China" photography team visited Shenyang to explore cultural landmarks such as the Shenyang Palace Museum and the "September 18th" Historical Museum, highlighting the city's cultural confidence as a Northeast Asia center [1] - The Shenyang Palace Museum, one of the two remaining royal palace complexes in China, utilizes VR technology and cultural product design to enhance visitor experiences, bridging historical details with modern life [1] - The Liaoning Provincial Museum, as the first museum in New China, hosts over 20 special exhibitions annually and offers more than 300 cultural products, attracting a significant number of visitors, especially families [2] Group 2: Historical Significance and Education - The "September 18th" Historical Museum serves as a memorial for the events of 1931, hosting annual ceremonies and educational programs aimed at passing down the red gene to younger generations [3] - Shenyang is developing a "War of Resistance Memory Tour" that connects six major cultural venues, presenting a comprehensive narrative from the September 18 Incident to the trials of Japanese war criminals [3] Group 3: Urban Cultural Integration - The Shenyang Fangcheng Cultural Tourism Area, covering 1.69 square kilometers, features a blend of historical sites, traditional shops, and intangible cultural heritage, creating a vibrant cultural network [3] - The area includes the Zhongjie Pedestrian Street, which has 3,277 businesses and numerous historical alleys, allowing visitors to experience the city's past and present through leisurely exploration [3][4]

Core Points - The exhibition titled "Harmony of Mountains and Seas: Strengthening the Awareness of the Chinese National Community" officially opened on July 31 at the Liaoning Provincial Museum, showcasing a total of 512 cultural relics from 29 cultural institutions [1][6] - Among the exhibits, there are 57 first-class cultural relics, and 109 items are being displayed for the first time [1] - The exhibition highlights the history of cultural exchanges and integration among various ethnic groups in Liaoning, featuring artifacts from different historical periods [2][3] Summary by Categories - **Exhibition Overview** - The exhibition features 512 cultural relics, including significant pieces like the jade pig dragon and duck-shaped glass bottle [1][5] - It aims to present the historical evolution of the multi-ethnic integration in the Liaoning region [6] - **Cultural Significance** - The displayed artifacts range from early regional cultural relics to items that reflect the political and cultural integration between the Central Plains and border areas [2][3] - Each exhibit illustrates the unity and collaborative efforts of various ethnic groups in Liaoning, emphasizing the development and transmission of the awareness of the Chinese national community [2][6] - **Institutional Contribution** - The director of the Liaoning Provincial Museum expressed the hope that the exhibition would vividly showcase the historical context of the multi-ethnic integration and the contributions of Liaoning to the construction of the Chinese national community [6]

Core Viewpoint - The "Dragon Rising China: Hongshan Culture Ancient Civilization Exhibition" at the Shanghai Museum showcases the latest archaeological discoveries and research results of the Hongshan culture, highlighting its formation, development, and influence through significant artifacts and findings [1][2][3]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition focuses on the iconic cultural symbol of the Hongshan culture, the jade dragon, and includes new archaeological discoveries from Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, and Hebei, creating a comprehensive picture of the Hongshan culture's evolution [1]. - The Hongshan culture dates back approximately 6,500 years and lasted until about 4,800 years ago, with its sites covering nearly 300,000 square kilometers [1]. Group 2: Cultural Characteristics - Continuity and innovation are key features of the Hongshan culture, with typical pottery like the flat-bottomed cylindrical jar and the emergence of jade and painted pottery reflecting its innovative spirit [1]. - The variety and quantity of jade artifacts increased, evolving into ceremonial vessels with social functions, while painted pottery served as a medium for cultural exchange with the Central Plains [1]. Group 3: Ritual and Social Structure - The establishment of a ritual order centered around ceremonial activities formed the institutional basis for ancient state civilizations, with significant sites like the Niuheliang site in Liaoning indicating a complex ritual system [2]. - Differences in jade artifact quality and size among high-status members suggest the emergence of a hierarchical order, similar to historical records [2]. Group 4: Archaeological Discoveries - The decline of the ritual center at the Niuheliang site around 5,000 years ago raises questions about whether it was due to an overemphasis on rituals or environmental changes [3]. - The discovery of the Zhengjiagou site provides insights into the southward migration of the Hongshan culture's population, enriching the narrative of its integration into the Central Plains [3]. Group 5: Cultural Significance - The jade dragon, a complex and widely distributed artifact, symbolizes the intricate jade ritual system of the Hongshan culture and reflects societal acceptance of its hierarchical order [3]. - The numerous archaeological findings from the Hongshan culture offer important clues for exploring the origins of Chinese civilization from both institutional and spiritual perspectives [3].

Group 1 - The summer vacation has led to a surge in visitor numbers at museums and exhibition halls across various regions, with the Liaoning Provincial Museum averaging nearly 15,000 visitors on recent weekdays [1] - The Liaoning Provincial Museum features significant artifacts such as the jade pig dragon, which is a large and well-preserved piece from the Hongshan culture, showcasing intricate craftsmanship [3] - Another highlight is the flower tree-shaped gold crown from the Three Yan period, which is over 1,700 years old and reflects the luxury of the nobility during that time [5] Group 2 - The Liaoning Provincial Museum is hosting a major themed exhibition titled "Mountains and Seas Have Feelings: Encountering Dunhuang in Liaoning," which is expected to attract considerable interest [7] - To enhance visitor experience, the museum has created a fully digital exhibition hall featuring renowned Tang and Song dynasty paintings, utilizing high-tech methods to present traditional Chinese culture [8] - The Xinjiang Museum has launched a new exhibition on ancient Chinese musical instruments, showcasing over 200 representative artifacts and live performances to engage visitors [15][17] Group 3 - In Chengdu, the local museums and science centers are becoming popular destinations for both domestic and international tourists, with the Chengdu Museum receiving over 20 million visitors since its opening in 2016 [21] - The Chengdu Museum features a collection of over 300,000 shadow puppets, allowing visitors to experience traditional performances and hands-on activities [23] - The Sichuan Cuisine Museum has seen a 35.7% increase in visitors compared to the same period last year, highlighting the growing interest in local culinary history [27]

Group 1: Museum Visitor Trends - Various museums, including the Liaoning Provincial Museum and Xinjiang Museum, are experiencing a surge in visitor numbers during the summer vacation period, with the Liaoning Provincial Museum averaging nearly 15,000 visitors on recent weekdays [1][6] - The Chengdu Museum has received over 20 million visitors since its new building opened in 2016, indicating its popularity as a cultural destination [11] Group 2: Notable Exhibits and Cultural Significance - The Liaoning Provincial Museum features significant artifacts such as the jade pig dragon, a symbol of the Hongshan culture, showcasing the importance of jade craftsmanship in ancient times [1][3] - The Xinjiang Museum's new exhibition on ancient Chinese musical instruments includes over 200 representative artifacts, enhancing cultural appreciation through interactive experiences [8] - Chengdu's unique offerings include a variety of interactive experiences at the Chengdu Museum and the Sichuan Cuisine Museum, which features over 6,000 artifacts related to the history of Sichuan cuisine [13][15] Group 3: Innovative Exhibition Formats - The Liaoning Provincial Museum has launched a high-tech immersive digital exhibition titled "Tang and Song Elegance," allowing visitors to engage with national treasures through digital means [4][6] - Xinjiang Museum is utilizing advanced technologies such as AI and interactive displays to enhance visitor engagement and understanding of historical artifacts [8] Group 4: Extended Access and Visitor Engagement - To accommodate increased summer visitors, the Liaoning Provincial Museum has extended its hours from July 1 to August 31, remaining open an additional hour each day [6] - The Sichuan Cuisine Museum offers bilingual guides and tax refund services for international visitors, enhancing the overall visitor experience [13][15]

Core Viewpoint - The "Dragon Soars China: Hongshan Culture Ancient Civilization Special Exhibition" is currently being held at the Shanghai Museum, showcasing 310 cultural relics from 20 cultural institutions, including 68 first-class and 39 second-class relics [1] Group 1: Cultural Significance - The Hongshan culture, which thrived from approximately 4700 to 2900 BC in the Liao River basin, is recognized for its advanced primitive agriculture, animal husbandry, and unique burial mounds and goddess temple relics [1] - The culture is particularly noted for its exceptional jade craftsmanship, exemplified by the "First Dragon of China," which is described as having a smooth surface and intricate carvings achieved through complex techniques without metal tools [1] Group 2: Artifacts - In addition to jade artifacts, pottery is a significant component of the Hongshan culture, featuring simple yet representative designs such as zigzag patterns and cloud motifs, reflecting the aesthetic preferences and technical skills of the time [2] - A variety of artifacts are displayed, including jade items like the jade pig dragon, jade phoenix, and various pottery forms such as painted pots and jars [4][5][6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The excavation of the Yuanbaoshan Jishizhong, a significant burial site from the Hongshan culture, reveals important artifacts and insights into the social structure and burial practices of ancient societies in Inner Mongolia [6][21][30]. Group 1: Excavation Details - The Yuanbaoshan Jishizhong is located 1.5 kilometers north of Baji Village in Aohan Banner, Inner Mongolia, and is characterized by stone-built tombs typical of the Hongshan culture, dating back approximately 5,400 to 5,000 years [1][6][21]. - The excavation team, led by Party Yu, faced challenges due to a recent tomb robbery, necessitating urgent rescue excavations [1][6]. - The site has yielded over 100 jade artifacts, with the M15 tomb being the largest and most significant, containing three jade pig dragons, which are emblematic of the Hongshan culture [6][23][30]. Group 2: Cultural Significance - The Yuanbaoshan site is considered one of the most important discoveries in recent years within the Hongshan cultural context, influencing perceptions of social hierarchy and burial customs [6][7][21]. - The discovery of the "tomb-altar integrated" structure at Yuanbaoshan is unprecedented, indicating a dual function of burial and ritual practices [11][13][30]. - The presence of jade artifacts, particularly the jade pig dragons, suggests a complex distribution system of jade within the Hongshan culture, reflecting social stratification and cultural identity [23][31][30]. Group 3: Archaeological Findings - The excavation revealed a total of 21 tombs, including nine from the Hongshan culture, with significant variations in size and structure indicating social hierarchy [15][18][21]. - The M15 tomb, which is the only one with a stepped stone coffin, raises questions about the location of a potential central tomb, as it is positioned towards the southern part of the burial site [17][18][21]. - The "hiding jade in walls" phenomenon, where jade artifacts were found embedded in the walls of the tombs, suggests a ritualistic practice that may have been common in other Hongshan sites [29][30].