Core Viewpoint - The recent adjustment of the RMB to USD exchange rate reflects underlying market tensions amidst global monetary policy divergence and geopolitical risks, with every small change potentially indicating larger capital flow dynamics and policy interactions [1][2] Exchange Rate Dynamics - On September 26, the RMB to USD central parity rate was reported at 7.1152, a decrease of 34 basis points from the previous trading day [1] - Historical trends indicate that the Federal Reserve's tightening monetary policy has previously exerted significant depreciation pressure on the RMB, with the currency experiencing substantial fluctuations in 2023, including a drop below 7.35, marking a 15-year low [1][3] Market Sentiment and Internal Challenges - The responsibility for exchange rate fluctuations cannot be solely attributed to external factors; internal market expectations and information transmission issues pose significant challenges [2] - Concerns from microeconomic entities highlight the uncertainty surrounding whether recent fluctuations are short-term disturbances or indicative of a trend change, complicating long-term foreign exchange strategy formulation [2] Policy and Market Stability - The People's Bank of China emphasizes the stability of the RMB exchange rate, asserting that the international balance of payments remains fundamentally balanced and cross-border capital flows are orderly [2] - However, reliance on the central parity guidance and counter-cyclical factors for stability may inadvertently weaken the exchange rate's role as an automatic stabilizer in the macroeconomy [2] Historical Lessons and Future Outlook - The lessons from 2023 underscore the importance of effective expectation management and cross-border capital flow regulation, especially as the RMB shows signs of stabilization amid external pressures [3] - The future trajectory of the RMB exchange rate will depend on the interplay of external factors, such as potential Fed rate cuts, and internal economic recovery and structural reforms [4] Broader Currency Valuation Perspective - There is a need to shift focus from the RMB to USD exchange rate to a broader assessment of the RMB's value against a basket of currencies, reflecting its performance in international trade [3] - Experts suggest that a more comprehensive view of the effective exchange rate index could provide a clearer understanding of the RMB's value in the global market [3] Conclusion on Stability and Reform - True stability in the RMB exchange rate hinges on market confidence in China's long-term economic prospects and trust in the exchange rate formation mechanism [4] - Addressing external shocks and enhancing financial reforms are crucial for allowing the exchange rate to serve as an effective tool for reflecting market supply and demand, rather than merely a macroeconomic control instrument [4]