作为陆地生态系统的主体，森林是应对气候变化的重要力量，在减缓和适应气候变化方面发挥着不 可替代的作用。全球森林覆盖面积约为40.6亿公顷，占地球陆地面积的31%。森林通过光合作用将大气 中的二氧化碳固持在植被和土壤中，从而减少大气中二氧化碳的浓度，成为大气二氧化碳的吸收汇、储 存库和缓冲器。森林是陆地生态系统中最大的碳库，总碳储量约6620亿吨。自2010年以来，全球森林每 年吸收约31亿～39亿吨碳，约占全球同期化石燃料燃烧排放量的一半，然而其中2/3的碳汇被热带森林 毁林所抵消。因此，采取基于自然的气候解决方案，增加陆地碳汇已成为全球共识。科学经营和精准管 理森林，不仅有助于减缓和适应气候变化，也有助于生物多样性保育、生态环境改善等，为实现全球可 持续发展目标作出重要贡献。 其次，加强森林资源保护。一方面，严格保护以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系中的森林生态系 统，防范各种潜在的气候风险；另一方面，对于生态红线以外的森林资源，积极实施森林可持续经营， 在合理采伐的基础上减少森林自然枯损导致的碳库损失。 改革开放以来，中国在生态建设方面取得了举世瞩目的成就，实施了"三北"防护林工程、天然林保 护工程、退耕还 ...

Core Insights - Chengdu's forestry reform is successfully transforming ecological value into economic benefits, with significant job creation and income increases for local villagers [1] - The city has achieved a high rate of land rights certification and is contributing significantly to the province's forestry output, showcasing a replicable model for sustainable urban development [1][2] Group 1: Reform Achievements - Chengdu has provided over 120 job opportunities and distributed a total of 1.305 million yuan in dividends, resulting in an average income increase of 20,600 yuan per household [1] - The city has certified over 99% of collective forest land, contributing 17.5% of the province's forestry output despite only occupying 1.57% of the land [1][2] - The implementation of the "three rights separation" principle has clarified land ownership, ensuring collective rights are protected while facilitating individual farmers' access to land [2][3] Group 2: Economic and Ecological Integration - Chengdu is focusing on innovative models to enhance forest quality and increase investment, transitioning from passive protection to active management [4] - The city has established a multi-faceted financing network, securing 343 million yuan from central and provincial funds, and has supported over 170 enterprises, mobilizing more than 500 million yuan in social capital [4][5] - The "collective economy + diverse entities + professional managers" model is being promoted to integrate small farmers into the industry chain [5][6] Group 3: Value Transformation - Chengdu is exploring various pathways to convert ecological value into tangible economic benefits, including the development of wood-based food and medicinal products [7] - The city has achieved significant production in the "forest grain" sector, with a total output of 749,000 tons, accounting for 13.3% of the province's total [7] - Chengdu's carbon trading initiatives have led to the development of 74 ecological projects, achieving a reduction of 63,400 tons of emissions [8] Group 4: Future Goals - Chengdu aims to restore 400,000 acres of giant panda habitats and establish 566,000 acres of national reserve forests, targeting a total forestry output value of 120 billion yuan by 2025 [8]

Group 1 - China's commitment to green development is highlighted by its new round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) announced by President Xi Jinping at the UN Climate Change Summit, emphasizing the country's determination to fulfill its promises [1][5] - The construction of the ±800 kV UHVDC project from southeastern Tibet to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is a significant step in China's energy transition, expected to deliver over 43 billion kWh of green electricity annually, equivalent to half of the Three Gorges Dam's annual output [1] - The project will replace approximately 12 million tons of standard coal consumption and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 33 million tons, showcasing China's role as a responsible major power in global energy transformation [1] Group 2 - Since the announcement of the "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality" goals in September 2020, China has built the world's largest and fastest-growing renewable energy system, providing over 80% of global photovoltaic components and 70% of wind power equipment [2] - The successful implementation of ammonia co-firing technology at the first coal-fired power plant in China marks a breakthrough in clean energy, contributing to the establishment of a low-carbon and efficient energy system [2] - The global first ultra-zero carbon building in Qingdao, which operates on 100% green energy, represents a new model for zero-carbon architecture and an integrated energy ecosystem [3] Group 3 - China's forest coverage rate exceeds 25%, with a forest stock volume of over 20 billion cubic meters, contributing to a national carbon sink of over 1.2 billion tons of CO2 equivalent annually, ranking first in the world [3] - The carbon trading market in China has seen a cumulative transaction volume of over 723 million tons of carbon emission allowances as of September 26 [3] - Jiangxi province is exploring the integration of forest carbon sink values into ecological compensation mechanisms, providing financial benefits to local farmers based on the carbon sequestration capabilities of their forests [3] Group 4 - By 2035, non-fossil energy consumption is projected to account for over 30% of total energy consumption, with forest stock volume expected to reach over 24 billion cubic meters, and new energy vehicles becoming the mainstream of new vehicle sales [4]