近日，党的二十届四中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建 议》（以下简称《建议》），明确把美丽中国建设取得新的重大进展作为"十五五"时期经济社会发展的 主要目标之一。在生态保护修复领域，提出要持续深入推进生态系统优化，实现生态系统多样性稳定性 持续性不断提升，筑牢生态安全屏障。 我国生态系统保护修复的成效与困境 近年来，我国生态系统保护修复取得重要进展，为"十五五"时期持续深入推进生态系统优化奠定了坚实 基础。全国生态系统质量总体稳定并得到提升，生物多样性保护治理新格局逐步形成，生态保护修复监 管体系基本建立，生态安全屏障更加稳固。 国家组织实施了重要生态系统保护和修复、生物多样性保护等重大工程，建立以国家公园为主体的自然 保护体系，划定并严守生态保护红线，陆域生态保护红线面积占陆域国土面积比例超过30%，90%的陆 地生态系统类型和74%的国家重点保护野生动植物种群得到有效保护。我国森林覆盖率提高到25%以 上，贡献了全球1/4的新增绿色面积，森林的"水库、钱库、粮库、碳库"作用日益凸显。生态退化地区 综合治理成效显著，荒漠化和土地沙化面积及程度实现"双缩减"，水土流失面积 ...

与会人士表示，中国为全球能源转型与绿色发展持续贡献力量。 与会人士表示中国为全球绿色发展贡献力量 央视网消息（新闻联播）：《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会于22日在巴西贝伦闭幕， 大会达成了名为《全球动员 团结协作应对气候变化挑战》的政治文件，涵盖减缓和适应气候变化、气 候融资、国际合作等方面内容，将推动《巴黎协定》的继续实施。 ...

据央视新闻，当地时间11月22日，南非总统拉马福萨宣布，二十国集团（G20）领导人第二十次峰会宣言已获绝大多数成员国通过。 拉马福萨表示，尽管美国方面持反对立场，但宣言的通过彰显了二十国集团成员在应对共同挑战、推动团结合作方面的坚定决心。 宣言要点包括： （文章来源：中国基金报） 据新华社，本次峰会以"团结、平等、可持续"为主题，以加强灾害应对能力、确保低收入国家债务可持续性、为公正的能源转型筹集资金、利用关键矿产 实现包容性增长及可持续发展为四大优先议题。 G20于1999年成立，由中国、阿根廷、澳大利亚、巴西、加拿大、法国、德国、印度、印度尼西亚、意大利、日本、韩国、墨西哥、俄罗斯、沙特阿拉 伯、南非、土耳其、英国、美国以及欧盟和非盟组成。 南非2024年12月1日接任G20轮值主席国。下任G20轮值主席国是美国，任期为2025年12月1日至2026年11月30日。 气候行动：认识到应对气候变化的紧迫性，支持将全球可再生能源装机容量提升三倍的努力。 债务议题：承诺强化债务处理机制落实，缓解发展中国家高债务压力。 包容性增长：强调推动广泛发展、提升产业附加值以及公平获取关键矿产资源。 多边合作：重申坚持多边 ...

中方这一表态不仅彰显了邻里间的善意，更展现了一套经过实践检验的"中国方案"。中国的空气治理之 路，始于对生命健康的敬畏。2013年，在多种因素共同作用下，彼时中国多项空气质量指标"亮起红 灯"。对此，中国以极大的决心推进治理。从2013年到2022年，在GDP增长69%的同时，PM2.5平均浓度 下降了57%，重污染天数下降了92%，中国成为全球空气污染治理速度最快的国家，还直接间接拉动投 资约4万亿元，带动增加了非农业就业岗位300多万个。 面对"清洁空气可能加剧变暖"这一气候科学领域的客观悖论，中国用多年实践给出答案：治理空气污染 与应对气候变化绝非"二选一"的单选题，而是关乎民生与未来的"综合题"。 如今，印度深陷"气溶胶污染致短期降温"与"健康危机+未来变暖加速"的双重困境。一方面，印度河— 恒河平原的工业排放、城市交通、扬尘与农作物焚烧叠加，造成了全球最严重的空气污染；另一方面， 气溶胶的"阳伞效应"让印度因严重污染成为全球变暖"洼地"，自1901年以来年平均升温不足0.7摄氏 度，仅为全球平均水平的一半，但这种"降温"是暂时的，会让区域气候更不稳定。更严峻的是，据科学 预测，未来几十年印度变暖速度 ...

Core Viewpoint - China, as the world's largest exporter and investor in clean technology, is significantly contributing to global energy and industrial green low-carbon transformation, providing low-cost and replicable solutions, especially for developing countries [1] Group 1: Energy Transition - By 2024, non-fossil energy will account for 19.8% of China's total energy consumption, with coal consumption decreasing from 67.4% in 2013 to 53.2% [2] - By June 2025, China's total installed capacity for renewable energy generation will reach 2.16 billion kilowatts, accounting for over 40% of the global total, with wind and solar power capacity reaching 1.67 billion kilowatts, nearly half of the global total [2] Group 2: Industrial Transformation - China has maintained the world's largest production of new energy vehicles for 10 consecutive years, providing over 80% of global solar modules and 70% of wind power equipment [2] - The average levelized cost of electricity for global wind and solar projects has decreased by over 60% and 80%, respectively, over the past decade, making these technologies more accessible for developing countries [2] Group 3: Transportation Sector - Approximately 70% of bulk cargo transportation in key industries is conducted through clean transport, with 88% of bulk cargo at major coastal ports being transported greenly [2] - The number of new energy vehicles has reached 31.4 million, and the coverage rate of charging facilities in national highway service areas is 98% [2] Group 4: Building Sector - The proportion of newly built green buildings in urban areas reached 97.9% of the total new construction area [3] Group 5: Emission Control and Carbon Market - China is enhancing control over non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions and has implemented various action plans, including the Methane Emission Control Action Plan [3] - The national carbon market is entering a new phase, with plans to cover over 60% of total national CO2 emissions and the launch of a voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market [4] Group 6: Climate Adaptation - China is advancing the construction of a climate-adaptive society, integrating climate adaptation into national contributions, with 39 pilot cities exploring climate-adaptive urban development [3]

新华社北京11月7日电（记者刘杨、朱超）外交部发言人毛宁11月7日表示，中国始终积极落实《联 合国气候变化框架公约》及其《巴黎协定》，落实2030年国家自主贡献已取得显著成效，将继续同各方 一道，坚持真正的多边主义，维护气候多边进程，推动全球绿色低碳发展。 当日例行记者会上，有记者问：据报道，联合国环境规划署4日发布年度排放差距报告，认为全球 实现《巴黎协定》关键气候目标面临巨大挑战。《联合国气候变化框架公约》第30次缔约方大会贝伦气 候峰会正在举行，中方如何看待目前各方应对气候变化的努力？将为此发挥什么作用？ 毛宁表示，中国始终积极落实《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《巴黎协定》，落实2030年国家自 主贡献已取得显著成效，提前完成风电、太阳能发电总装机容量和森林蓄积量等目标。习近平主席在联 合国气候变化峰会上郑重宣布中国2035年国家自主贡献，覆盖全经济范围、包括所有温室气体，首次提 出绝对量减排目标，体现了中国的坚定决心和最大努力。中共二十届四中全会审议通过"十五五"规划建 议，对建设美丽中国作出重要部署。中国将加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，积极稳妥推进和实现碳达 峰，为应对气候变化作出更大贡献。 毛宁指 ...

Core Viewpoint - The former French Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin emphasized the importance of deepening Sino-French financial cooperation as a strategic approach to address global challenges and promote peaceful development in a complex international landscape [1]. Group 1: Financial Resource Mobilization - Raffarin suggested that China and France should jointly mobilize financial resources to support future-oriented strategic transformations, particularly in areas such as ecological protection, climate change, emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, and healthcare innovation, which require significant funding [2]. - He highlighted the need for experience exchange and solution sharing between the two countries to make finance a key driver of industrial transformation and development [2]. Group 2: Private Equity Cooperation - The development of private equity cooperation between China and France was emphasized as crucial, alongside government-level financial support [2]. - Raffarin recommended expanding existing cooperative funds and improving policies and tools to enhance competitiveness for enterprises entering each other's markets, allowing more industries to benefit from this collaboration [2]. Group 3: Beyond Traditional Trade - Raffarin called for cooperation that transcends traditional commodity trade, advocating for the creation of "joint products" that integrate cultural and technological advantages from both countries [2]. - He cited the successful nuclear energy project in the UK as an example of cooperation that not only benefits economic development but also opens up third-party markets for greater mutual gains [2]. Group 4: Addressing Global Uncertainties - Raffarin acknowledged the numerous uncertainties in the current international situation, particularly geopolitical tensions, and argued that cooperation is the best way to address these challenges rather than confrontation [3]. - He stated that financial cooperation can help countries better manage risks, promote resource allocation, and drive sustainable economic development, emphasizing the strategic direction of international cooperation [3].

Core Viewpoint - China's announcement of a new round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) is seen as a significant moment in the global effort to combat climate change, emphasizing the provision of clean, reliable, and affordable energy on an unprecedented scale [1] Group 1 - The new NDCs will accelerate energy transition by reducing the costs of clean technologies and promoting innovation [1] - The UN Climate Change Framework Convention's Executive Secretary expressed encouragement from President Xi Jinping's speech at the UN climate summit, highlighting China's commitment to achieving emission reduction targets and striving to do better [1] Group 2 - The UN Climate Change Framework Convention Secretariat urges all countries to recognize the need for swift and deep actions to protect people from increasingly severe climate disasters and to gain significant human welfare and economic benefits from stronger climate actions [1]

Core Points - The Chinese government has announced a new round of national contributions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, aiming for a 7%-10% decrease in total emissions by 2035 compared to peak levels, marking a significant milestone in climate change response [1] - The focus on controlling non-CO2 greenhouse gases has been integrated into China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality policy framework since the announcement of the "dual carbon" goals in 2020 [2] Group 1: National Policy and Goals - The new absolute reduction target for greenhouse gases includes all types of emissions, emphasizing the importance of controlling non-CO2 gases such as methane and nitrous oxide [1][2] - The government has issued various policies to strengthen the control of non-CO2 gases, including action plans for methane emissions and guidelines for greenhouse gas inventory compilation [3][4] Group 2: Implementation Strategies - A series of supporting policies have been developed, such as revising emission standards and implementing action plans for specific sectors like agriculture and industry to reduce greenhouse gas emissions [3][4] - The establishment of a carbon market that includes non-CO2 gases and the development of a national greenhouse gas emission factor database are part of the efforts to enhance emission control mechanisms [4] Group 3: Local Level Challenges and Recommendations - Local governments face challenges such as unclear emission data and inadequate policy frameworks for controlling non-CO2 gases [5] - Recommendations include improving data collection, developing localized policies, and implementing targeted emission control measures based on regional characteristics [5][6]

Core Insights - The report from the Paulson Foundation highlights a significant increase in the global biodiversity financing gap, which has expanded from $711 billion in 2020 to $942 billion [4][5] - The report emphasizes the urgent need for coordinated efforts to address climate change and biodiversity loss, warning that failure to do so could lead to unnecessary destruction of natural ecosystems [7][12] Biodiversity Loss Trends - Since the 2020 report, the trend of biodiversity loss has intensified, with 48% of species showing a decline in population numbers [9] - The average population of vertebrate species has decreased by 73% since 1970, indicating a severe decline in biodiversity [9][10] - If current trends continue, up to half of the world's species may face extinction by the middle of the 21st century [10] Economic Implications - Natural degradation poses significant threats to economic development, impacting sectors such as agriculture, tourism, and public health, with over half of the global GDP (approximately $58 trillion) moderately or highly dependent on nature [10] - The loss of pollinators could lead to crop yield reductions, resulting in economic losses amounting to billions of dollars [10] - Destruction of mangroves is projected to exacerbate storm and flood damage, causing annual economic losses exceeding $80 billion [10] Policy Recommendations - The report suggests that many climate solutions currently lack ecological protection measures, which can harm ecosystems, such as the land requirements for wind and solar energy infrastructure being up to 12 times that of fossil fuel infrastructure [12] - Reforming harmful subsidies in agriculture, fisheries, and forestry could potentially fill about half of the biodiversity financing gap [12] - Successful projects and policies implemented by NGOs, local governments, and the private sector could be scaled up to achieve significant results [12][14] Call to Action - The report stresses the importance of political will in achieving synergy between climate financing and biodiversity protection, urging governments to establish rules and the private sector to respond actively [14] - Collaboration among all stakeholders is essential to effectively protect natural ecosystems and maintain the health of the planet [14]