新华社约翰内斯堡12月16日电（记者蒋国鹏 靳博文）南非总统拉马福萨16日警告说，一些势力散 布虚假信息和错误叙事，试图在南非传播恐惧、仇恨和分裂。他呼吁南非人民团结起来，致力于深化民 族和解与推动国家建设。 拉马福萨当天在夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省恩库图市出席全国和解日纪念活动时说，国内外有一些势力无视 南非已取得的进步，刻意歪曲南非种族关系和民主状况，"描绘一幅旨在传播恐惧和仇恨的虚假图景"。 "一些人正竭尽全力抹黑我们南非人民。"拉马福萨说，但并未在发言中点明具体是哪些人或哪些势 力。 他呼吁南非人民重申对团结、和解与国家建设的承诺，不要让虚假信息破坏团结，"在我们携手建 设国家的过程中，没有人能够在我们中间散播歧视与排斥的种子"。 拉马福萨重申推进全国对话进程的重要意义。他说，公开参与和坦诚对话对于解决贫困、不平等、 犯罪、腐败等南非长期面临的挑战至关重要。 拉马福萨发起并推动的全国对话进程是一项为期6至9个月的国家治理实验，旨在充分动员民意、汇 聚民智以共同建设国家。今年8月，全国对话进程举行首次全国代表大会。 ...

Core Viewpoint - South Sudan, the world's youngest country, faces significant challenges despite some development in infrastructure and economy, with a high percentage of its population living in extreme poverty and ongoing political instability [3][6][9]. Infrastructure and Economic Development - Key infrastructure projects have been completed or are underway, including the modernization of Juba International Airport and the construction of the new Central Bank headquarters, which is set to be completed by July 8, 2024 [4]. - The African Development Bank predicts a gradual economic recovery for South Sudan, with a projected growth rate of 4% by 2025, contingent on increased oil exports and international support [5]. - The South Sudanese government has initiated a ten-year strategic development plan (2026-2036) aimed at enhancing self-development capabilities and promoting a stable and prosperous nation [5]. Poverty and Economic Challenges - Approximately 92% of South Sudan's population lives below the extreme poverty line, with many surviving on less than $2.15 per day [6][7]. - The country, rich in oil resources with proven reserves of 4.7 billion barrels, faces a "resource curse," as oil revenues account for nearly 90% of government income, yet there are no refineries and oil pipelines must traverse Sudan [6][7]. - Economic contraction of 5.8% was reported in 2023 due to declining oil exports and currency devaluation, with high inflation persisting [6]. Political Instability and Conflict - South Sudan's political landscape is marked by fragmentation and ongoing conflicts, with a significant increase in civilian casualties reported [8][9]. - The country has struggled with governance issues, ethnic conflicts, and a lack of national identity, which are seen as deep-rooted causes of its instability [9]. - International efforts, including proposals for a special judicial mechanism to promote reconciliation, have faced challenges due to persistent divisions among political factions [9].

本文来自微信公众号： 秦朔朋友圈 （ID：qspyq2015） ，作者：黄凡，头图来自：AI生成 我过去对非洲大陆的印象，只限于对埃及、摩洛哥等非洲边缘国家的观感。 非洲的核心区域现状究竟是怎样的？这一次我就利用五一长假，直接深入到非洲的心脏地带——卢旺达去 看看。 国人心目中的非洲，往往与贫困、战乱、落后等负面的词联系在一起。以至于笔者在准备这次中部与东部 非洲之行时，因担心水土不服而带上了一周的"干粮"，家人在送别时更是对安全问题千叮咛万嘱咐。我心中 不免忐忑，也一直在祈祷。 真实的非洲到底如何？经过飞机中转，到达卢旺达首都基加利，第一印象就是天朗气清、白云飘飘，随后 看到整洁的街道、精致的别墅区、国际化咖啡馆……感觉这个非洲小国的首都确实有欧洲城市的味道了。 四处走访了几天，发现整体经济与社会发达程度与中国2000年初相似。总体上，这里的环境干净整洁，人 们很友好，感觉挺安全，经济活动也比较活跃而且有序，有蒸蒸日上的感觉，真是颠覆了我们过去在国内 新闻报道中形成的对非洲的认知了。 在网上深入查找一下资料后，就能了解到卢旺达近30年的发展历程堪称非洲大陆的奇迹。 这个位于非洲心脏地带的小国，从1994年种 ...