汽车即服务(CaaS)

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三巨头打响北美Robotaxi商业化突围战
Zhong Guo Qi Che Bao Wang· 2025-07-24 02:12
Core Viewpoint - Tesla officially launched its Robotaxi service in Austin, Texas, marking a new phase in the commercialization of autonomous taxi services, amidst changing dynamics in the North American Robotaxi market with competitors like Waymo and Zoox also making significant moves [3][4]. Tesla - Tesla's Robotaxi service is currently in a small-scale pilot phase with an initial investment of 10 to 20 modified Model Y vehicles equipped with the latest HW5.0 hardware and FSD V12 software, claiming Level 4 autonomous driving capability [4]. - The service operates within a geographical area of approximately 77.7 square kilometers in South Austin, limited to Tesla employees and invited users, charging a fixed fee of $4.2 per trip [4]. - Tesla's Robotaxi aims to significantly reduce costs by using a pure vision technology approach, which lowers manufacturing costs compared to competitors, with a target cost of $0.2 per mile (approximately ¥0.9 per kilometer) [5][6]. - The company plans to expand its Robotaxi fleet to 1,000 vehicles in the coming months and introduce a dedicated Robotaxi model, Cybercab, by 2026, which will eliminate traditional driving controls [4][6]. Waymo - Waymo, a subsidiary of Google, is currently the leader in the North American Robotaxi market, operating over 1,500 vehicles and generating nearly $100 million in annual revenue [6][7]. - The company has completed 10 million autonomous rides, doubling its previous milestone in just five months, and is expanding its services to new cities like Philadelphia and New York [7][8]. - Waymo employs a multi-sensor and high-definition mapping approach, which, while providing high safety redundancy, results in significantly higher operational costs compared to Tesla, approximately seven times higher [7]. - The company is building a diverse ecosystem through partnerships with automakers and ride-sharing platforms, enhancing its revenue streams beyond just Robotaxi services [8]. Zoox - Zoox, owned by Amazon, has begun operations at its factory in California, aiming to produce 10,000 Robotaxis annually by 2027, targeting major markets like Miami, Los Angeles, and Atlanta [9][10]. - Unlike competitors, Zoox designs its Robotaxi from the ground up for autonomous driving, featuring a unique design without traditional controls, which allows for a fully autonomous experience [10]. - Amazon's backing provides Zoox with a strategic advantage, as the company seeks to integrate its Robotaxi services with Amazon's logistics and cloud computing operations, potentially creating a new growth avenue [10].