原标题：《油气管网设施公平开放监管办法》11月1日起施行 中国国家发改委、国家能源局近日颁布《油气管网设施公平开放监管办法》(下称《监管办法》)，自 2025年11月1日起施行。这是中国油气市场化改革步入深水区后，在油气管网监管领域出台的首个部门 规章。 《监管办法》对于如何监管油气管网设施公平开放作出明确规定，围绕"管什么、谁来管、怎么管"等方 面作出一系列安排，为深化油气领域自然垄断环节监管，提供了遵循。 国家能源局有关负责人介绍，油气管网设施连接油气上下游，是油气领域典型的自然垄断环节，推进油 气管网设施公平开放是油气管网运营机制改革的重要内容。原有监管办法受限于文件层级，没有设置罚 则条款，监管机构在开展执法时手段有限，一定程度上影响了监管执法权威。 据介绍，此番发布的《监管办法》新增公平开放罚则条款。与能源法中公平开放罚则充分衔接，明确油 气管网设施运营企业违反规定的9种情形，并根据不同违规情形设置相应的处罚标准，便于各级能源主 管部门一线执法。同时，为防止部分用户恶意扰乱市场秩序，明确用户违反规定的5种情形，保障油气 市场秩序稳定有序。 中国工程院院士马永生表示，新规特别增设罚则条款，一方面与能源 ...

Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Regulatory Measures for Fair Access to Oil and Gas Pipeline Facilities" marks a significant shift in the regulatory framework for the oil and gas sector in China, transitioning from policy guidance to legally binding regulations, aimed at creating a fair and competitive market environment [1][4][8] Group 1: Regulatory Framework - The "Regulatory Measures" is the first departmental regulation in the oil and gas pipeline sector, establishing a legal framework to prevent unfair practices and ensure transparency [1][3] - The measures include clear definitions of regulatory scope, requirements, responsibilities, and penalties, thereby enhancing the legal governance of natural monopoly sectors in the oil and gas industry [3][4] - The introduction of administrative penalties for violations of fair access principles signifies a move towards a more enforceable regulatory environment [4][5] Group 2: Market Impact - The total length of China's oil and gas long-distance pipelines is projected to reach 195,000 kilometers by 2024, indicating a shift from a "single point connection" to a "comprehensive network" [2] - The new regulatory framework is expected to facilitate the participation of various market players, including private enterprises, in the oil and gas market, transforming them from passive observers to active participants [6][8] - The number of operators participating in supply assurance by the National Pipeline Group is anticipated to increase to over 230 by the 2025-2026 heating season, reflecting a 7% year-on-year growth [7] Group 3: Industry Development - The regulatory measures are seen as a milestone in the market-oriented reform of the oil and gas sector, which is essential for fostering a vibrant industry capable of contributing to national energy security and economic development [6][8] - The measures aim to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation and improve energy security by allowing diverse sources of oil and gas to enter the main pipeline network [6]