有力度的监管：加快推动油气管网设施公平开放 上海石油天然气交易中心总经理 付少华 近日，国家发展改革委、国家能源局发布了《油气管网设施公平开放监管办法》（以下简称《监管办法》）。本次修订在2019年版本基 础上，将《监管办法》从规范性文件上升为部门规章，增加了相应罚则条款，法律层级明显提高，既是落实中央有关文件精神和相关法 律要求的具体举措，也有利于监管部门实施监管和企业基础设施公平开放。回顾近十年油气管网设施公平开放历程，丰富的实践经验为 完善《监管办法》提供了依据。展望未来发展阶段，新的《监管办法》将促进我国油气管网设施公平开放监管更为规范化、可操作化， 对推进我国油气市场化改革将发挥重要作用。 一、改革有要求、监管有力度 本次出台的《监管办法》，是对原有监管办法深化完善的最新成果，是政府有关部门加强行业监管、能源企业规范经营的重要依据。 一是落实党中央决策部署的具体举措。党的二十届三中全会提出，"推进能源等行业自然垄断环节独立运营和竞争性环节市场化改革，健 全监管体制机制"。《监管办法》新增了"油气管网设施公平开放"定义，明确公平开放是指油气管网设施运营企业对已建成投运的管网设 施，按照国家有关规定向符 ...

原标题：《油气管网设施公平开放监管办法》11月1日起施行 中国国家发改委、国家能源局近日颁布《油气管网设施公平开放监管办法》(下称《监管办法》)，自 2025年11月1日起施行。这是中国油气市场化改革步入深水区后，在油气管网监管领域出台的首个部门 规章。 《监管办法》对于如何监管油气管网设施公平开放作出明确规定，围绕"管什么、谁来管、怎么管"等方 面作出一系列安排，为深化油气领域自然垄断环节监管，提供了遵循。 国家能源局有关负责人介绍，油气管网设施连接油气上下游，是油气领域典型的自然垄断环节，推进油 气管网设施公平开放是油气管网运营机制改革的重要内容。原有监管办法受限于文件层级，没有设置罚 则条款，监管机构在开展执法时手段有限，一定程度上影响了监管执法权威。 据介绍，此番发布的《监管办法》新增公平开放罚则条款。与能源法中公平开放罚则充分衔接，明确油 气管网设施运营企业违反规定的9种情形，并根据不同违规情形设置相应的处罚标准，便于各级能源主 管部门一线执法。同时，为防止部分用户恶意扰乱市场秩序，明确用户违反规定的5种情形，保障油气 市场秩序稳定有序。 中国工程院院士马永生表示，新规特别增设罚则条款，一方面与能源 ...

"原监管办法为监管机构开展公平开放工作提供了监管依据，但受限于规范性文件不得设定行政处罚，监管机构在开展监管 执法工作时手段有限，一定程度上影响了监管执法权威。"国家能源局有关负责人进一步解释说，本次修订将监管办法升格 为部门规章，增加相应罚则条款，丰富监管执法手段，着力提升监管效能。 "原监管办法在打破垄断、提高管网利用效率、培育多元市场主体方面发挥了重要作用。但随着油气市场化改革向纵深推 进，其历史局限性也逐渐显现。"中国石油大学（北京）油气政策与法律研究中心主任陈守海说。 近年来，我国油气市场化改革不断深入，特别是2019年12月国家管网集团成立以来，在"管住中间，放开两头"的总体改革 思路指引下，上游油气资源多主体多渠道供应、中间统一管网高效集输、下游销售市场充分竞争的"X+1+X"油气市场体系 逐步完善，市场主体对公平开放诉求与日俱增。 "新监管办法直面当前监管的难点、堵点、痛点，聚焦公平开放制度健全、设施服务完善、保障合同签订、规范信息公开与 报送等问题，明确各方权利义务，赋予政府监管部门执法权和行政处罚手段。"中国工程院院士黄维和表示，新监管办法进 一步规范油气管网运营企业和油气销售企业的经营行 ...

Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Regulatory Measures for Fair Access to Oil and Gas Pipeline Facilities" marks a significant shift in the regulatory framework for the oil and gas sector in China, transitioning from policy guidance to legally binding regulations, aimed at creating a fair and competitive market environment [1][4][8] Group 1: Regulatory Framework - The "Regulatory Measures" is the first departmental regulation in the oil and gas pipeline sector, establishing a legal framework to prevent unfair practices and ensure transparency [1][3] - The measures include clear definitions of regulatory scope, requirements, responsibilities, and penalties, thereby enhancing the legal governance of natural monopoly sectors in the oil and gas industry [3][4] - The introduction of administrative penalties for violations of fair access principles signifies a move towards a more enforceable regulatory environment [4][5] Group 2: Market Impact - The total length of China's oil and gas long-distance pipelines is projected to reach 195,000 kilometers by 2024, indicating a shift from a "single point connection" to a "comprehensive network" [2] - The new regulatory framework is expected to facilitate the participation of various market players, including private enterprises, in the oil and gas market, transforming them from passive observers to active participants [6][8] - The number of operators participating in supply assurance by the National Pipeline Group is anticipated to increase to over 230 by the 2025-2026 heating season, reflecting a 7% year-on-year growth [7] Group 3: Industry Development - The regulatory measures are seen as a milestone in the market-oriented reform of the oil and gas sector, which is essential for fostering a vibrant industry capable of contributing to national energy security and economic development [6][8] - The measures aim to enhance the efficiency of resource allocation and improve energy security by allowing diverse sources of oil and gas to enter the main pipeline network [6]

Core Viewpoint - The release of the "Regulatory Measures for Fair and Open Access to Oil and Gas Pipeline Facilities" marks a significant milestone in China's oil and gas market reform, enhancing the legal framework and regulatory authority in the sector [1] Regulatory Framework - The new regulatory measures elevate the previous normative documents to departmental regulations, which strengthens the authority and deterrent effect of regulatory actions [1][1] - The measures introduce specific penalties for various violations, thereby standardizing enforcement actions and reducing discretionary power in law enforcement [1][1] Market Structure - The regulatory framework aims to create a fair, transparent, and competitive environment in the oil and gas industry, which is crucial for the efficiency of product circulation, public welfare, energy security, and economic operation [1][1] - The "X+1+X" market structure is being developed, which includes multiple upstream suppliers, a unified midstream pipeline system, and a fully competitive downstream market [1][1] Information Transparency - The new measures define "fair access" and categorize information disclosure into "proactive disclosure" and "disclosure upon request," addressing the issue of information asymmetry that hinders fair access [1][1] - Pipeline operators are required to establish user registration procedures and service acceptance conditions, promoting transparency and accessibility [1][1] Capacity Allocation - The measures mandate that pipeline operators create detailed rules for capacity allocation and streamline the response time for service requests from 15 working days to 5 working days [1][1] - This aims to prevent "dark box operations" and discriminatory practices in capacity allocation [1][1] Future Outlook - The National Energy Administration plans to closely monitor the implementation of the new regulatory measures and refine regulatory requirements based on practical experiences [1][1]

新华财经北京10月16日电（安娜、江宇娟）我国油气市场化改革再迎里程碑事件——国家发展改革委、国家能源局近日发布了《油气管网设施公平开放监 管办法》。这是我国油气市场化改革步入深水区后，在油气管网监管领域出台的首个部门规章。 "新监管办法实现了从原规范性文件到部门规章的层级跃升，这一制度性突破具有重要法治意义。"中国工程院院士马永生说，通过法治化手段防范管网资 源滥用、市场恶性竞争等问题，为油气市场构建起"有法可依、执法必严"的制度保障体系，推动形成公平透明、竞争有序的行业发展环境。 北京燃气研究院副院长白俊注意到，为顺应新形势新要求，与原有监管办法相比，新修订后的监管办法有两个显著变化：一是首次将监管办法从规范性文 件升格为部门规章，增强了监管工作的权威性和威慑力；二是明确相应罚则条款，根据不同违规情形设置相应的处罚标准，规范油气管网设施监管部门的 执法行为，减少执法的自由裁量空间，从而减少执法争议。 "原监管办法为监管机构开展公平开放工作提供了监管依据，但受限于规范性文件不得设定行政处罚，监管机构在开展监管执法工作时手段有限，一定程 度上影响了监管执法权威。"国家能源局有关负责人进一步解释说，本次修订将监 ...