Group 1 - The U.S. government has issued ultimatums to several countries regarding new tariffs, with Brazil facing a potential 50% tariff on imports, highlighting the arbitrary nature of the "America First" policy [1] - Despite the pressure, global capital markets have shown resilience, reaching recent and historical highs, indicating a shift in how countries respond to U.S. tactics [1] - Brazil's President Lula criticized the U.S. for a lack of respect and emphasized that U.S.-Brazil trade constitutes only 1.7% of Brazil's GDP, indicating Brazil's ability to withstand U.S. pressure [1] Group 2 - European leaders, including French President Macron and Danish Foreign Minister Rasmussen, have expressed strong dissatisfaction with U.S. tariff threats and emphasized the need for credible countermeasures [2] - The European Commission has prepared a list of countermeasures worth €93 billion while prioritizing negotiations to resolve disputes [2] - Japan's Prime Minister has stated the importance of standing firm on national interests, even among allies, reflecting a broader sentiment among nations facing U.S. pressure [2] Group 3 - The U.S. is attempting to pressure other countries to sign "anti-circumvention clauses" to prevent them from using third countries to bypass tariffs on China, indicating a strategic approach to contain China [3] - China has firmly opposed any agreements that sacrifice its interests for tariff reductions, signaling a strong stance against U.S. tactics [3] - Some economies are attempting to align with the U.S. against China, but this has resulted in diminished status and losses in credibility and benefits [3] Group 4 - The BRICS summit in Rio de Janeiro focused on opposing unilateralism and protectionism, with a declaration expressing serious concern over rising unilateral tariffs and non-tariff measures [4] - The collective condemnation from multiple economies is seen as essential to countering U.S. bullying and restoring balance in international trade [4] - The need for unified action among countries is emphasized to protect their interests and return to cooperative economic development [4]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant impact of U.S. tariffs on agricultural exports, particularly focusing on the U.S. soybean industry and its attempts to circumvent Chinese tariffs through deceptive practices like "washing origin" [3][7][9]. Group 1: Impact of Tariffs - Trump's tariffs have severely affected the U.S. agricultural sector, leading to a loss of competitiveness in the Chinese market, which previously accounted for 50% of U.S. soybean exports [9][11]. - The retaliatory tariffs imposed by China have reached as high as 125%, drastically increasing the prices of U.S. agricultural products in China and making them less competitive compared to alternatives from countries like Brazil [9][11][24]. Group 2: Attempts to Circumvent Tariffs - U.S. companies attempted to disguise U.S. soybeans as Argentine products to evade Chinese tariffs, with a notable shipment of 300,000 tons being flagged by Chinese customs [5][15][24]. - The practice of "washing origin" involves changing the product's origin label to bypass trade restrictions, but this strategy has been met with increased scrutiny and advanced monitoring by Chinese customs [15][22]. Group 3: Chinese Customs Measures - China has implemented a blockchain traceability platform in collaboration with Brazil and Argentina to prevent the "washing origin" tactic, ensuring that every batch of imported soybeans is tracked from planting to shipping [17][18]. - Advanced technologies, such as "spatiotemporal topology analysis," have been introduced to monitor global shipping data in real-time, effectively closing loopholes used by U.S. exporters [22][24]. Group 4: Consequences for U.S. Farmers - The ongoing trade conflict has led to significant financial losses for U.S. farmers, with over $27 billion in agricultural export losses attributed to retaliatory tariffs from China [13][27]. - Many U.S. farmers are facing bankruptcy due to their reliance on exports, particularly as they lose market share to Brazilian soybeans [11][27].