根据中国疾控发布的2025年第48周中国流感监测周报，南、北方省份流感活动上升，全国共报告1541起 流感样病例暴发疫情。 第一财经记者根据中国流感监测周报统计的数据显示，从2025年11月3日以来，截至11月30日，全国共 报告流感样病例暴发疫情已达到4351起，其中3313起跟A(H3N2）流感有关，占比约76.14%。 而像奥司他韦这样的抗流感病毒药物是否已产生了耐药性？该问题近日也引发市场关注。 奥司他韦是否耐药了 根据中国流感监测周报，2025年第48周（2025年11月24日－2025年11月30日），南方省份哨点医院报告 的ILI（流感样病例）%为10.3%，高于前一周水平（7.8%），高于2022年、2023年和2024年同期水平 （3.2%、8.7%和3.5%）。 对治疗A(H3N2）亚型的流感依旧有效。 根据中国流感监测周报，第48周，南北方省份流感样病例监测实验室检测结果显示，A（H3N2）亚型 检测数合计占比达到99.7%。 国家流感中心对2025年3月31日以来收检的部分流感病毒毒株进行耐药性分析，结果显示：在A 2025年第48周，北方省份哨点医院报告的ILI%为9.1%，高于前一 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant increase in flu activity across China, with many provinces experiencing high levels of flu cases, leading to a surge in demand for flu vaccines and antiviral medications [3][4][5]. Vaccine Supply and Demand - Flu vaccine demand has surged, particularly in northern provinces like Beijing, Liaoning, and Shaanxi, with reports of full appointment schedules for vaccinations [5][6]. - While the supply of quadrivalent flu vaccines is stable, there is a noted shortage of innovative vaccines such as nasal spray and subunit vaccines in some areas [5][6]. - The availability of flu vaccines for children aged 6-35 months remains stable, with sufficient stock reported across various community health service centers [5][6]. Antiviral Medication Demand - There has been a dramatic increase in the demand for antiviral medications, with sales figures showing a 22-fold increase in flu medication sales since the onset of the flu season [8][9]. - Specific antiviral products like Oseltamivir and other flu medications have seen sales growth of 4.5 times and 5 times, respectively, in the latest week [9]. - The current flu season is characterized by the predominance of the H3N2 strain, but existing antiviral treatments remain effective against the circulating strains [9][10]. Regulatory Actions - To ensure the stability of antiviral medication supply and pricing, regulatory authorities in various regions, including Beijing and Qinghai, have initiated special inspections to prevent price gouging [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding the flu and its prevention methods, particularly the risks associated with the misuse of antiviral medication Oseltamivir and the necessity of flu vaccination as the most effective preventive measure [2][3][5][10] Group 1: Misuse of Oseltamivir - There are claims that long-term use of Oseltamivir can prevent flu, which experts strongly oppose, stating that the drug should not be used casually [2] - Oseltamivir is effective only when taken within 48 hours of flu symptoms appearing, and its use for post-exposure prevention is limited to high-risk groups [2][3] - Misuse of Oseltamivir can lead to adverse effects such as nausea and potential neuropsychiatric reactions, as well as the risk of developing drug-resistant virus strains [3] Group 2: Understanding Flu vs. Common Cold - The article clarifies that flu is a serious respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus, distinct from common colds caused by other viruses, with significant differences in symptoms and complications [4][5] - Flu symptoms include high fever, muscle aches, and severe fatigue, while common colds typically present milder symptoms [4][5] - The World Health Organization reports that flu can lead to 3 to 5 million severe cases and 290,000 to 650,000 respiratory disease-related deaths annually [5] Group 3: Immunity and Vaccination - Immunity from a previous flu infection lasts only 6 to 8 months, not a lifetime, due to the virus's ability to mutate [6][7] - Vaccination is recommended for everyone aged 6 months and older, with the timing of vaccination being crucial for effectiveness [8][10] - Individuals with mild cold symptoms can receive the flu vaccine, but those with fever or severe symptoms should postpone vaccination [8][9]