如何编制高质量的环评报告？笔者认为必须做到"六个遵循"：一是遵循《环境影响评价分类管理名 录》，准确界定项目应编制环境影响报告书还是报告表；二是遵循《建设项目环境影响评价技术导则》 《建设项目环境影响报告表编制技术指南》等技术规范，确保报告的内容完整和深度适合；三是遵循区 域环境特征，科学合理确定保护目标和评价范围；四是遵循项目特点，针对项目具体产污的环节、性质 和数量，制定有效、可行的污染防治措施；五是遵循《建设项目环境影响评价文件审批原则》，落实其 各项环境管理要求；六是遵循《建设项目环境影响报告书（表）编制监督管理办法》，确保报告不出现 质量问题。唯有将生态环境分区管控、规划、政策、技术（工艺技术、治理技术、编写技术）、项目特 点和环境特征深度融合，才能编制出真正高质量的环评报告。 日前印发的《广西壮族自治区建设项目环境影响评价文件分级审批管理办法（2025年修订版）》中，将 火电、钢铁、有色金属冶炼、石化、煤化工、水泥、平板玻璃等"两高"项目，以及尾矿库、危险废物处 置等生态环境影响重大项目的环评审批权限上收至省级生态环境部门。此举严格落实了生态环境分区管 控、遏制"两高"项目盲目发展等要求，可有效避 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region's ecological environment department has issued a revised management method for environmental impact assessment (EIA) to strengthen the preventive role of EIA and ensure strict approval for high-pollution projects, aligning with national goals for sustainable development and environmental protection [1][3]. Group 1: Environmental Impact and Regulatory Changes - The approval authority for EIAs of high-pollution industries such as thermal power, steel, non-ferrous metal smelting, and petrochemicals has been centralized to provincial ecological environment departments, reflecting a trend seen in other provinces like Hebei and Qinghai [1][3]. - The "14th Five-Year Plan" mid-term evaluation report indicates that key environmental indicators, including energy consumption per unit of GDP and CO2 emissions per unit of GDP, are lagging behind expectations, highlighting the environmental risks associated with rapid industrial growth in these sectors [2][3]. Group 2: Balancing Economic Development and Environmental Protection - The centralization of EIA approval is not merely a transfer of power but a pragmatic measure to balance strict environmental regulation with local economic development needs, ensuring that high-pollution projects do not proceed unchecked [3]. - The need for clear approval standards and a negative list is emphasized to provide local governments with development space while maintaining strict ecological boundaries [3][4]. Group 3: Capacity Building and Systematic Approach - The delegation of EIA approval for projects with lower environmental risks to local levels is part of a broader reform aimed at improving regulatory efficiency, contingent on local authorities having adequate oversight capabilities [4]. - Strengthening local environmental protection capabilities through training and technical support is crucial for effective implementation of the new EIA management system [4]. - A systematic approach to environmental governance is necessary to avoid oversimplification in regulatory practices, ensuring a balanced and effective management system that supports sustainable development [4].