根据新指南，生活方式调整应包括保持或达到健康体重、遵循有益心脏健康的饮食方式、减少钠摄 入量、管理压力、进行适度的体育活动以及进行力量训练等抗阻运动、减少或戒掉酒精摄入等。 在饮酒方面，2017年版指南建议，如果选择喝酒，则女性每天最多喝一杯，男性每天最多喝两杯。 新指南建议尽量减少酒精摄入，理想的选择是戒酒。在饮食方面，新指南的建议没有变化，要多吃水 果、蔬菜、全谷物和低脂乳制品等，减少摄入的饱和脂肪及脂肪总量。钠的摄入量应少于每天2300毫 克，理想摄入量是每天1500毫克。对于超重或肥胖的人，新指南建议至少减掉体重的5%。对于严重肥 胖的人，新指南建议采用经临床证实的干预措施如饮食调整、运动以及减肥药等。 新指南已发表在《美国心脏病学会杂志》上。 新华社洛杉矶8月15日电 美国心脏协会和美国心脏病学会等机构日前发布一份新的高血压临床实践 指南，这是美国自2017年以来首次更新高血压指南。新指南建议针对临界高血压应尽早干预和治疗。 长期以来，心血管疾病是全球首要死因。控制血压有助于降低心血管疾病的发病和死亡风险，还可 以降低罹患肾病、2型糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病等疾病的发病率。 美国近一半的成年人血压高于正常 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the significant relationship between obesity and various types of cancer, urging the importance of weight management for cancer prevention [1][2][3] - Obesity is defined as excessive fat accumulation leading to weight beyond the normal range, which increases the risk of not only metabolic diseases but also cancer [2] - The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) identifies a correlation between obesity and the risk of 13 types of cancer, including breast, colorectal, pancreatic, and endometrial cancers [2] Group 2 - The relationship between obesity and cancer involves complex biological mechanisms, including hormonal imbalances and chronic inflammation, which create an environment conducive to cancer cell growth [3][4] - Obesity leads to increased levels of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α and IL-6, which can accelerate tumor cell proliferation and metastasis [3] - Elevated estrogen levels due to obesity are linked to the development of breast and endometrial cancers, with postmenopausal women experiencing a significant increase in estrogen production from fat cells [4] Group 3 - Obesity is associated with various cancers, including colorectal cancer, where chronic inflammation and metabolic abnormalities are key risk factors [6] - The risk of breast cancer is notably higher in obese postmenopausal women, with obesity contributing to poorer prognosis and treatment response [6] - Obesity is a significant risk factor for liver and pancreatic cancers, often linked to insulin resistance and chronic inflammation [6] Group 4 - Effective weight management through diet and exercise is crucial for reducing cancer risk, with recommendations for a balanced diet low in calories, trans fats, and refined sugars [8][9] - Regular physical activity is essential, with guidelines suggesting at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise weekly to improve metabolic function and reduce inflammation [10] - Lifestyle adjustments, including smoking cessation and alcohol moderation, are recommended to further mitigate cancer risk [11]