Core Viewpoint - The inclusion of the HPV vaccine in China's national immunization program marks the first expansion in 18 years, aimed at improving women's health and addressing the rising incidence of cervical cancer among younger populations [2][16]. Group 1: HPV Vaccine Overview - The HPV vaccine is now part of the national immunization program, which previously focused mainly on children under six years old [2][16]. - As of now, there are six approved HPV vaccines in China, including both imported and domestic options [4][10]. - The HPV vaccine is recognized as the most effective method for preventing cervical cancer, which is primarily caused by high-risk HPV types [8][9]. Group 2: Demand and Coverage - Despite a surge in demand for HPV vaccines, the coverage rates remain low, with only 10.15% of eligible women receiving the first dose by 2022 [11][12]. - The high cost of vaccines has been a barrier to access, with imported vaccines priced between 580 to 800 RMB per dose [10][14]. - Public awareness and misconceptions about vaccine safety have also contributed to low uptake rates [15][36]. Group 3: Government Initiatives and Support - The Chinese government is committed to promoting HPV vaccination, aligning with the WHO's goal of eliminating cervical cancer by 2030 [16][28]. - Pilot programs in various cities have successfully increased vaccination rates, demonstrating the effectiveness of government-led initiatives [21][25]. - The national immunization program aims to provide equitable access to vaccines, particularly for underserved populations [34]. Group 4: Economic Considerations - The economic evaluation of HPV vaccination is crucial for justifying its inclusion in the national program, focusing on cost-effectiveness and public health benefits [27][28]. - The reduction in newborn numbers has also created budgetary space for expanding the immunization program [31][32]. - The competition among vaccine suppliers has led to significant price reductions, making vaccines more accessible [30]. Group 5: Future Prospects - The integration of HPV vaccines into the national immunization program is expected to significantly increase vaccination rates, similar to past experiences with other vaccines [37]. - Domestic manufacturers are ramping up production capacity, ensuring a stable supply of vaccines [37]. - Ongoing research and development in HPV vaccines, including the introduction of a nine-valent vaccine, indicate a positive trend in cervical cancer prevention efforts in China [37].

这是18年来，中国的国家免疫规划首次扩容。 9月11日，国家卫健委副主任、国家疾控局局长沈洪兵在新闻发布会上表示，今年国家将推出面向适龄女生的HPV疫苗（宫颈癌疫苗）接种服务，并且将 HPV疫苗纳入国家免疫规划，保护女性的健康。 在公共卫生领域，国家免疫规划由政府免费提供疫苗，旨在提高人口整体健康水平，无论经济状况如何，都能被惠及。在此之前，中国的免疫规划疫苗覆盖 人群以6岁以下儿童为主，比如婴儿出生后都要注射的卡介苗、乙肝疫苗等，针对青少年甚至成年人的少之又少。 近年来，有多种疫苗都曾经被广泛推荐纳入国家免疫计划，其中包括流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗等，而最终HPV疫苗成为了"幸运儿"。 这与其临床获益性有很大关系。2022年，国内新发宫颈癌病例达到15.07万例，整体发病呈上升趋势且日渐年轻化。HPV病毒全称为人乳头瘤病毒，主要通 过母婴、性接触和经皮肤黏膜接触传播。宫颈癌是全球唯一可预防的癌症——99.7%的宫颈癌都由高危型HPV病毒持续感染导致，世界公认预防宫颈癌最有 效手段即接种HPV疫苗。 一、一度高涨的需求和极低的渗透率 广州荔湾区的白鹤洞卫生服务中心，二楼的展示玻璃柜内，放着不同品牌HPV疫苗盒子，以及 ...