Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the need for social security system reform in China, particularly in the context of rapid demographic changes and the challenges of sustainability and equity within the system [2][5][88] - China's social security system has evolved through various stages, transitioning from a focus on broad coverage to high-quality development and national coordination [3][12][86] - As of the end of 2023, China has established the world's largest social security system, with 1.06 billion people covered by basic pension insurance and 1.33 billion by basic medical insurance [4][14][87] Group 2 - The current social security system faces significant pressures, particularly regarding sustainability and equity, due to an aging population and declining birth rates, which may lead to an imbalance between contributors and beneficiaries [5][19][88] - The pension insurance fund has been experiencing a deficit since 2013, with 2023 fiscal subsidies reaching 1.75 trillion yuan, accounting for 6.4% of total fiscal expenditure [5][28][88] - There is a notable disparity in pension benefits between urban and rural residents, with urban workers receiving an average annual pension of 45,000 yuan compared to only 2,671 yuan for rural residents in 2023 [5][28][88] Group 3 - To alleviate the sustainability pressure on the social security system, delaying the retirement age is proposed as a key measure, as China's current retirement age is lower than that of most developed countries [7][52][88] - The article suggests that increasing the proportion of equity investments in pension funds could enhance fund value preservation and growth, as current allocations are heavily weighted towards fixed income [8][67][90] - International experiences indicate that a diversified and market-oriented investment strategy for pension funds can contribute to both fund growth and stock market stability [8][73][90]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the importance of enhancing social security fairness to address issues such as incomplete coverage, poor connectivity, and unequal benefits, ultimately aiming to build a more equitable and reliable social security safety net for the public [1][8] Group 2 - The current social security system, while improving, still leaves some groups on the fringes, particularly flexible employment workers and low-income individuals facing risks of being uninsured or losing coverage. The proposed measures aim to extend coverage to more people in need [2][3] - The article highlights the need to eliminate household registration restrictions for participating in social insurance at the place of employment, improve transfer and connection mechanisms, and increase participation rates in basic pension and medical insurance for urban employees [2][3] Group 3 - The article discusses the establishment of a social insurance system for new employment forms, including flexible workers and migrant workers, suggesting the introduction of daily or per-task insurance models to lower barriers to participation [3] - It emphasizes the importance of using big data for dynamic monitoring and timely identification of low-income groups to ensure they receive necessary social assistance [3][4] Group 4 - The article advocates for optimizing the basic pension insurance contribution levels and increasing flexibility in contributions to enhance fairness in the social security system [4] - It suggests increasing investment and policy support for social security in central and western regions to promote equitable treatment across different areas [4] Group 5 - The integration of digital technology with public services is proposed to enhance data sharing and improve the efficiency of social security policies, including the establishment of an employment information database for proactive risk management [5] Group 6 - The article argues that a fair social security system encourages individuals to engage in high-risk, high-reward innovation, thereby stimulating economic development and allowing for greater focus on project development and market expansion [8][9] - It also highlights that social security fairness can reduce occupational identity differences, enabling individuals to choose careers based on interest and expertise rather than solely on benefits, thus improving talent allocation efficiency [8][9]