【文/观察者网 熊超然】殖民扩张主义时期，英国曾一度号称"日不落帝国"，可如今早已不复当年的景象。 当地时间8月23日，英国《每日电讯报》报道指出，多名著名经济学家近日警告称，英国财政大臣里夫斯的税收与支出政策正将英国推向一 场类似1970年代的债务危机，并可能迫使英国向国际货币基金组织（IMF）寻求救助。 他们认为，里夫斯对经济的处理方式有可能使英国重蹈高通胀和高借贷年代的覆辙，最终不得不再次向IMF借款，就像50年前那样（1976 年英镑危机）。与此同时，英国零售行业的主要参与者也警告称，税收和繁琐的行政程序不断加剧，正将英国推入"滞胀"时代，食品价格 通胀可能在明年保持在5%左右。 改革英国党领袖法拉奇当地时间8月23日晚间表示，当前的经济形势"就像是1970年代的翻版"。英国保守党领袖巴德诺赫则指责，政府借款 成本的激增正是工党"经济管理不善的结果"。 报道称，在秋季预算出台前，里夫斯面临着巨大压力。根据预测，失控的借贷已造成500亿英镑的财政赤字。尽管有警告称，再次加税只会 进一步抑制英国疲弱的经济增长，但外界普遍预计里夫斯将在预算中再次加税，以弥补这一赤字。 英国国家经济与社会研究院（NIESR） ...

Economic Impact of High Interest Rates - The Federal Reserve's high interest rate policy has led to significant fiscal pressure on the U.S. government, with debt interest payments exceeding $89 billion as of March 2023, translating to an average of $2 million per minute [3] - The continuous increase in interest rates has resulted in a heavy debt burden for the U.S., raising concerns about the sustainability of this fiscal strategy [3][10] - The high interest rates have contributed to unprecedented inflation, severely affecting the quality of life for citizens and leading to a wave of bank failures [4][16] Banking Sector Challenges - The ongoing high interest rates have caused at least five U.S. banks to declare bankruptcy, exacerbating the risk of bank runs as citizens withdraw deposits in response to rising prices [8] - Many banks are facing liquidity issues and are unable to meet customer withdrawal demands, further deepening their financial troubles [8] - The accumulation of credit card debt has also increased banks' liabilities, pushing them into a more precarious financial position [8] Retail Sector Struggles - The closure of multiple stores by the well-known "99 Cents Store" highlights the operational challenges faced by retailers due to rising costs and inflation, reflecting broader economic difficulties [7] - Many small retailers are also shutting down, leading to a rapid decline in consumer confidence [7] Future Economic Outlook - There is growing speculation that the Federal Reserve may lower interest rates by the end of 2023, which could stimulate economic recovery and attract global investment [12] - The changing global economic landscape has prompted China to reduce its reliance on the U.S. dollar and increase investments in gold, positioning itself favorably amid potential economic shocks [14] - The overall economic situation in the U.S. remains precarious, with the possibility of a financial collapse looming as fiscal deficits continue to grow [16][17]