Core Viewpoint - Tata Group is a significant player in India's economy, often referred to as the "backbone of the national economy," with a diverse portfolio spanning various industries, including steel, automobiles, IT, and hospitality, contributing approximately 6% to India's GDP as of 2024 [7][4][6]. Group 1: Historical Development - Tata Group originated from a small textile factory established by Jamsetji Tata in 1877, evolving into a major industrial empire over 156 years [8][4]. - The founder, Jamsetji Tata, initially engaged in cotton trade and later established India's first steel plant, which laid the foundation for the group's industrial growth [15][17]. - The group expanded significantly under the leadership of subsequent generations, with notable contributions from J.R.D. Tata, who established Tata Airlines, which later became Air India [20][21]. Group 2: Global Expansion - Tata Group began its international expansion in the late 20th century, diversifying into various sectors, including consulting and IT services, with Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) becoming a leading player in the global IT consulting market [25][27]. - The group made significant acquisitions, including the purchase of Jaguar and Land Rover in 2008, which helped transform Tata into a global automotive player [33][35]. - By 2024, Tata Group's revenue exceeded $168 billion, with a market capitalization of $365 billion, reflecting its successful global integration [7]. Group 3: Corporate Philosophy and Social Responsibility - Tata Group is known for its commitment to social responsibility, with a philosophy of "giving back to society," which is reflected in its charitable initiatives and the establishment of various educational and healthcare institutions [44][45]. - The family has maintained a unique ownership structure that ensures long-term control over the group while promoting social welfare, avoiding conflicts over wealth distribution [44][45]. - The group's approach to integrating social responsibility with business strategy has established a strong brand reputation and sustainability, serving as a model for other companies [46][47].