Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the concept of "green electricity direct connection" (绿电直连), which allows renewable energy sources like solar and wind to supply electricity directly to consumers without going through the public grid, highlighting its potential benefits and challenges in implementation [4][5][11]. Summary by Sections Green Electricity Direct Connection - "Green electricity direct connection" is categorized into grid-connected and off-grid types, with most projects currently being grid-connected to ensure basic revenue through grid access [4]. - The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration issued a notice on May 29, which outlines the goals and responsibilities related to the development of green electricity direct connection projects [4]. Construction Costs - The construction costs for "green electricity direct connection" are relatively high, primarily due to the need for additional infrastructure such as substations and transmission lines, which can exceed the costs of traditional grid connections [5][7][8]. - For instance, the cost of transmission lines is approximately 1 million yuan per kilometer, and the cost of substations is around 1 million yuan per megawatt [8]. Project Examples - An example project in the Datong Economic Development Zone includes 322 MW of solar power, 200 MW of wind power, and 50 MW/100 MWh of energy storage, with a total investment of about 2.8 billion yuan [9]. - The project features around 38 kilometers of transmission lines and a 220 kV substation, demonstrating the complexity and scale of infrastructure required for "green electricity direct connection" [9]. Green Value - Despite the slow progress and high costs, the renewable energy industry views "green electricity direct connection" as a viable development direction due to its potential for creating green value [11]. - This approach allows for clearer tracking of carbon footprints and compliance with international regulations, such as the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) [11][12]. Benefits of Green Electricity Direct Connection - "Green electricity direct connection" can provide long-term benefits for power generation companies by securing a permanent large electricity user, reducing reliance on long-distance transmission, and enhancing energy supply security [13]. - Local governments can leverage this model to drive industrial upgrades and attract investments [13].

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a nationwide unified electricity market system is a crucial task for deepening electricity system reform and building a unified national market, with the recent implementation of a normalized electricity trading mechanism across grid operation areas accelerating this process [1][2]. Group 1: Market Structure and Development - The electricity industry in China has transitioned from a planned electricity system to a market-oriented one, with market transactions expected to exceed 6 trillion kilowatt-hours in 2024, accounting for 63% of total electricity transactions [1]. - The separation of the State Grid and Southern Grid since the 2002 reform has led to a lack of interconnection and a normalized trading mechanism, hindering the optimal allocation of electricity resources nationwide [1][2]. Group 2: Cross-Grid Trading Mechanism - The newly established cross-grid trading mechanism allows for a unified online electricity marketplace, enabling electricity resources to flow freely across the country based on a standardized set of rules [2][3]. - The mechanism facilitates the collection of cross-grid trading demands and ensures precise matching of supply and demand through information exchange between trading centers in Beijing and Guangzhou [3]. Group 3: Green Energy Consumption - The new trading mechanism enhances the convenience of green energy consumption, allowing renewable energy projects to participate as basic trading units, thus promoting the free flow of green electricity between regions [3][4]. - The first cross-regional green electricity transaction was successfully completed in March, demonstrating the practical application of the new trading mechanism [3]. Group 4: Supply and Demand Management - The cross-grid trading mechanism has already shown initial effectiveness, with significant volumes of green electricity traded between regions, particularly during peak demand periods [6]. - The mechanism is expected to improve the utilization of transmission channels and enhance the capacity for renewable energy consumption, thereby providing more flexible supply guarantees [6]. Group 5: Future Development Directions - In 2023, the country plans to implement normalized trading across various timeframes, supporting electricity supply during peak demand periods and exploring long-term green electricity trading agreements [7]. - The ongoing physical interconnection between the State Grid and Southern Grid will further enhance resource optimization capabilities, leading to more frequent and shorter trading cycles [7].