靴子，终于落地。 以下文章来源于国民经略 ，作者凯风 在这里，读懂中国经济、城市和楼市 日前，最高法发布司法解释，无论双方协商还是劳动者单方承诺，任何"不缴社保"的约定都是无效的，将于9月1日实施。 国民经略 . 本文来自微信公众号： 国民经略 （ID：guominjinglve） ，作者：凯风，原文标题：《强制交社保，连锁反应开始了》，头图来自：视觉 中国 "用人单位和劳动者必须依法参加社会保险，缴纳社会保险费"。 "必须"两个字，奠定了社保"强制性"的基调，这一强制性面向的不只是企业，还有劳动者。 无论是公务员、企业职工，还是个体户，乃至灵活就业人员，都有缴纳社保的义务。 这其实不是新规，而是对社保强制缴纳的重申，但种种信号表明，"全民强制社保"时代，真的要来了。 强制交社保，关乎公平，关乎福利，更关乎养老金总盘子。 一、强制交社保，不是新鲜事 社保具有强制性，并非始于今天，而是一以贯之，10多年前法律法规就已明确。 无论是《劳动法》还是《社会保险法》，均有直接规定： 了？ 广义的社保包括"五险"，涵盖养老、医保、失业、工伤、生育保险。 从一开始，就不存在"自愿不自愿"之说。 过去，由于经济上行期的增长需 ...

Group 1 - South Korea's fertility rate has dropped to a record low of 0.72 in 2023, the lowest globally and less than half of the OECD average of 1.6 [1] - The aging population in South Korea is increasing at a faster rate than any other developed country, with the proportion of people aged 65 and older expected to exceed 40% by 2050, up from 17.9% in 2023 [1] - The elderly dependency ratio is projected to rise from 28% in 2023 to 44% by 2050, and could reach 117% by 2082, making it the highest among OECD countries [1] Group 2 - South Korea has the highest elderly poverty rate in the OECD, with 40% of older adults living below the poverty line, attributed to a weak national pension system [2] - Only 37% of South Koreans aged 55 to 64 are still employed, with many exiting the labor market prematurely, averaging retirement at 49.4 years old [2] - Companies in South Korea often prefer to lay off older employees due to the financial burden of higher salaries for long-tenured workers, leading to subtle layoffs [2] Group 3 - Japan has implemented various policies to encourage continued employment, including raising the mandatory retirement age and providing employment options for older workers [3] - By 2023, Japan's employment rate for those in their 60s reached 63% due to these reforms [3] - Despite awareness of the need for labor market reforms in South Korea, achieving such changes is challenging and requires a consistent reform approach [3]