国新办16日举行发布会介绍科技支撑生态文明建设及第五届世界生物圈保护区大会有关情况。中国 科学院副院长何宏平介绍，联合国教科文组织第五届世界生物圈保护区大会将于9月22日至25日在杭州 举办。这是10年一届的世界生物圈保护区大会首次在亚洲举办，也将是联合国教科文组织成员国参与范 围最广的一届盛会。 自然保护地是生态建设的核心载体。国家林草局自然保护地管理司司长袁继明介绍，近年来，我国 持续推进自然保护地整合优化，将更多优质生态空间纳入自然保护地范围，解决了过去自然保护地生态 系统分割、野生动物栖息地破碎等问题。 农业农村部渔业渔政管理局局长肖放说，近年来，我国在渔业发展上坚持"保护与发展并重、生产 与生态同行"，海洋渔业资源衰退的势头得到遏制，长江水生生物资源种类和数量在慢慢回升，2021年 至2024年，长江流域累计监测到土著鱼类344种，比禁渔期前增加36种。 目前，我国共有34个世界生物圈保护区，数量居亚洲首位。何宏平表示，在"两山"理念提出20年之 际，中国将以第五届世界生物圈保护区大会为契机，汇聚全球生态治理智慧，进一步深化国际科技合 作，聚焦关键技术攻关，为国际社会提供更多成果和经验，为共建地球生 ...

Group 1 - The fifth World Biosphere Reserve Congress will be held in Hangzhou from September 22 to 25, marking the first time this event is hosted in Asia and featuring the widest participation from UNESCO member states in a decade [1] - China currently has 34 World Biosphere Reserves, the highest number in Asia, and aims to leverage the upcoming congress to enhance international cooperation in ecological governance and technology [1] - The concept of "Two Mountains" will be emphasized as China seeks to contribute more to the global community in building a shared future for life on Earth [1] Group 2 - The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs reports that China has balanced protection and development in fisheries, successfully curbing the decline of marine resources [2] - From 2021 to 2024, the Yangtze River basin has recorded 344 native fish species, an increase of 36 species compared to the period before the fishing ban [2]

Core Viewpoint - The ongoing optimization and integration of natural protected areas in China is being refined, with provincial-level results being developed and approved in batches, following the release of the "National Natural Protected Area Integration and Optimization Plan" by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration and the Ministry of Natural Resources [1][2]. Group 1: National Policy and Implementation - The National Forestry and Grassland Administration and the Ministry of Natural Resources have issued a directive to enhance the integration and optimization of existing natural protected areas, ensuring that the process is rigorous, data-driven, and responsive to public concerns [2]. - The integration plan is still pending approval and cannot be considered effective until then, although provincial departments are encouraged to begin preliminary work on key projects [1][2]. Group 2: Provincial Actions and Results - Various provincial authorities, including those in Shandong and Zhejiang, have publicly announced their local integration and optimization plans, resulting in a reduction of protected areas and an increase in total area [2]. - In Zhejiang, the number of natural protected areas decreased by 78 to a total of 166, while the total area increased by approximately 120 square kilometers to 14,693 square kilometers [2]. Group 3: Guidelines for Optimization - The "Natural Protected Area Integration and Optimization Rules" stipulate that smaller, fragmented, or less ecologically valuable protected areas may be revoked or reclassified, while areas with significant ecological or cultural value must be preserved [5][6]. - The integration process will consider factors such as ecological systems, resource ownership, and management structures, with a preference for merging lower-tier protected areas into higher-tier ones [5][6].