Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a groundbreaking study on protein restriction (PR) and its potential anti-aging effects, highlighting the importance of dietary interventions in extending lifespan and improving health [1][2][12]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study systematically mapped the proteomic landscape of aging across 41 organs/tissues in male mice, revealing significant protein expression heterogeneity during aging [4]. - Protein restriction was found to significantly alleviate age-related protein expression abnormalities in various tissues [6]. - The research indicated that protein restriction reduces age-related DNA methylation accumulation and reverses abnormal protein phosphorylation patterns in aging tissues [6]. Group 2: Health Implications - The study confirmed that protein restriction has cross-species cardiovascular protective effects, supported by analyses of plasma samples from both mice and humans [7]. - It was noted that lower protein intake is associated with enhanced cardiovascular health and reduced inflammation risk in humans [11]. Group 3: Timing and Gender Differences - The effects of protein restriction vary by gender and timing, with middle age identified as the optimal period for dietary intervention [8][11].