兰考县东坝头险工位于九曲黄河最后一个大拐弯处，呈独特的"U"字形。本报记者邓放摄 大河奔涌，中原焕新。 2019年9月18日，郑州，一场牵动黄河沿线9省区的会议——黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展座谈会召开，黄 河流域生态保护和高质量发展上升为重大国家战略。 黄河奔流不息，守护母亲河号角声不止。7月18日，省黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展领导小组召开第八次会 议，"让黄河成为造福人民的幸福河"，河南步履坚定，愿景日益清晰。 重保护重塑大河健康肌体 7月10日，一个振奋的消息传来：黄河干流水质稳中向好，山东省向河南省兑现2024年度黄河流域（豫鲁段） 横向生态保护补偿资金6207万元。 防洪工程是黄河安澜的第一道防线。 河南境内黄河干流有三门峡、小浪底两大水利枢纽，支流有陆浑、故县、河口村等水库，还有北金堤蓄滞洪 区，以干支流水库、千里标准化堤防、河道整治、分滞洪工程为主体的"上排下拦、两岸分滞"防洪工程体系 日益完善，使黄河下游防洪标准得到显著提升。 扬文化传承大河文明根脉 "鲁豫对赌"4年多来，山东省已累计兑现河南省生态补偿金2.5亿元。 真金白银的背后是利刃向内的魄力。 2019年以来，河南累计整治黄河"四乱" ...

调水调沙是通过科学调度水库，利用水流冲刷河床，减少河道淤积，改善河道形态的一种治理手段。 具体来说，就是通过调控上游水库的下泄流量，形成人工洪峰，利用水流将河床里的泥沙带到下游，最终进入大海，从而实现河道的长期稳定和生态健康。 今年黄河流域已于7月1日正式入汛。为应对汛期，黄河2025年调水调沙任务已于6月23日启动，历时17天。什么是调水调沙，它的基本原理是什么？ 随着今年调水调沙开启，目前黄河下游山东段流量逐渐加大，已出现今年最大流量。 黄河三角洲是我国重要的湿地生态系统，被誉为"鸟类的国际机场"。为了恢复这片湿地的生态功能，2008年以来，每年调水调沙期间都会向黄河三角洲自然 保护区进行"生态补水"，17年间已累计补水超9亿立方米。 记者了解到，6月29日下午，小浪底水库的水位已按计划降至汛限水位以下。专家表示，每年的调水调沙，对黄河安全度汛起到重要作用。 黄河调水调沙期间开启生态补水，为黄河三角洲生态功能恢复注入了新的活力。目前，黄河三角洲自然保护区湿地补水面积达到36万亩。 根据常年监测调查，这里的鸟类种群数量明显增加，由1992年的187种增加到2024年的374种。同时当前补水湿地中已经逐渐形成 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Xiaolangdi Reservoir has officially entered the sediment discharge phase, with a significant increase in sediment concentration, indicating a crucial step in the Yellow River's water and sediment regulation project scheduled for 2025 [1] Group 1 - The outflow water from the Xiaolangdi Reservoir has changed from clear to turbid, with sediment concentration reaching 39.1 kilograms per cubic meter at the sediment discharge outlet [1] - By 16:00, the sediment concentration at the discharge outlet increased to 101 kilograms per cubic meter, highlighting the effectiveness of the sediment discharge process [1] - The sediment discharge process is expected to last until July 9, with a total discharge volume anticipated to exceed 10 million tons, which will help restore reservoir capacity and enhance flood control capabilities [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles emphasizes the completion of the dismantling of seven floating bridges in the Henan section of the Yellow River before the main flood season, ensuring safety during the flood period [1][2] - The floating bridges serve as crucial connections across the Yellow River, and their structure is designed to maintain a flat surface while being supported by steel floating boxes [1] - The management of the floating bridges is critical during the flood season to prevent obstruction of water flow, which could elevate water levels and pose risks to the safety of residents and property on both banks [1] Group 2 - The Henan Yellow River Conservancy Bureau has implemented strict regulations and oversight to ensure the safe dismantling and anchoring of floating bridges, in accordance with the "Flood Management Measures for Floating Bridges in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River" [1][2] - A supervisory team has been dispatched to monitor the dismantling process, focusing on the implementation of flood safety measures, maintenance of monitoring facilities, and the establishment of safety warning systems [2] - Floating bridge operators are required to enhance their awareness of flood safety management, maintain a 24-hour duty system, and develop effective emergency measures to prevent accidents such as drifting or losing anchored vessels [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Yellow River Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Project has officially launched its water and sediment regulation for 2025, with an expected total sediment discharge exceeding 100 million tons during the operation period of approximately 17 days [2]. Group 1: Purpose of Water and Sediment Regulation - The water and sediment regulation aims to "create storage for flood prevention," reduce sediment accumulation in the reservoir, and maintain the flow capacity of downstream rivers. The Xiaolangdi project controls 91.2% of the Yellow River's runoff and nearly 100% of its sediment transport [3]. Group 2: Visitor Experience - During the water and sediment regulation period, the Xiaolangdi scenic area remains open to the public, allowing visitors to experience the impressive sight of the rushing water, which resembles a waterfall [4]. Group 3: Water-Sediment Relationship - The term "regulation" in the context of water and sediment management refers to adjusting the water-sediment relationship to enhance the flood discharge capacity of the river [5]. Group 4: Impact on Power Generation - When the sediment concentration in the water reaches a certain level, the power generation units will shut down to avoid damage. The Xiaolangdi power station has an average annual output of 5.8 billion kilowatt-hours, playing a crucial role in peak regulation within the Henan power grid [6]. Group 5: Impact on Aquatic Life - To mitigate the impact of high-sediment water on fish, clear water is released from three upstream reservoirs to dilute the sediment concentration. Additionally, special fishing operations have been conducted in advance, and fish stocking activities are ongoing to support aquatic life [7]. Group 6: Downstream Sediment Accumulation - Research indicates that maintaining a discharge flow of 2,600 cubic meters per second for over six days will effectively flush sediment from the downstream river into the sea. The regulation process consists of two phases: first, a large volume of clear water is released, followed by sediment discharge [8]. Group 7: Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Project Overview - The Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Project is a key engineering project for the management and development of the Yellow River, controlling a drainage area of 694,000 square kilometers, which is 92.3% of the total basin area. The project has a total designed capacity of 12.65 billion cubic meters and aims to provide flood control, sediment reduction, water supply, irrigation, and power generation [9].

据了解，此次调水调沙过程中，水利部小浪底水利枢纽管理中心充分运用数字孪生小浪底平台，动态分 析库水位降幅、对接水位、异重流产生及运动过程、大坝安全性态，及时开展会商研判，科学制定孔洞 组合运用方式，确保调水调沙工作顺利开展、达到预期效果。 与此同时，该中心充分运用水利新质生产力，发挥水利测雨雷达、无人机自主巡检系统、卫星遥感、安 全监测自动化平台等"天空地水工"一体化监测感知体系建设成果作用，及时获取雨、水、沙情信息，实 时监控高边坡、库区滑坡体等重要部位，精准掌握枢纽设施设备运行性态，动态开展数据分析，保障小 浪底水利枢纽科学调度、安全运用。 0:00 / 0:20 6月28日8时，小浪底水利枢纽开启1条明流洞、3条排沙洞，调水调沙下泄流量增大至4600立方米每秒。 "目前是小浪底水利枢纽启动调水调沙运用的第7天，小浪底已下泄水量超18亿立方米。"6月29日，水利 部小浪底水利枢纽管理中心水量调度处处长李鹏介绍。 "黄河调水调沙理论与实践荣获2010年度国家科学技术进步奖（通用项目）一等奖，这项融合传统智慧 与现代科技的水沙调控技术，让千年黄河焕发新生，也为世界河流治理提供了中国方案。"黄委水旱灾 害防御局 ...

本次黄河调水调沙流量大、持续时间长，受洪水长时间冲刷影响，山东省黄河部分河段河势可能发生变 化，河道工程可能出险。山东黄河河务局高度重视本次调水调沙工作，在确保防洪安全基础上，充分发 挥调水调沙的综合效益。 提前修订印发调水调沙预案，组织专题会商会进行全面部署；各级开展防汛演练40余次；强化隐患排查 整改，开展徒步拉网式工程普查，摸排防守重点134处，按"一点一策"原则制定了防守方案；统一组织 河势查勘，分析河势变化情况及发展趋势，预判险情，制定抢护方案；借助近3000处视频监控、220余 架无人机对重点防洪工程实行24小时全天候监测，确保险情早预测、早发现、早处置、早消除；开展国 家常备防汛物资维修、保养和试运转，储备石料133万方、铅丝600.6吨、麻绳28.3万吨、编织袋63.6万 条等，确保顶打管用。 调水调沙期间，山东黄河河务局将持续密切关注天气形势变化，及时滚动分析雨水情，加密会商研判， 强化工程巡查防守和24小时值班值守，确保人员安全和工程安全。同时，结合黄河调水调沙大流量过 程，将根据调水安排尽可能增大引水流量，缓解部分市县旱情；相机对黄河三角洲自然保护区实施生态 补水，持续推进生态系统修复提 ...

6月23日9时，随着小浪底水库3条排沙洞闸门缓缓开启，3条巨大白色水龙喷涌而出，水库下泄流量加大至 2600立方米每秒，标志着2025年黄河调水调沙正式启动。据悉，这是黄河第30次实施调水调沙。 按照安全可控、统筹兼顾的原则，结合黄河下游抗旱和中游水库腾库迎汛要求，水利部黄河水利委员会自当 日起，通过联合调度万家寨、三门峡、小浪底等水库，启动实施2025年黄河调水调沙。本次调水调沙预计持 续17天左右，排沙量将超1亿吨。整个调水调沙期间，小浪底水库的最大下泄流量将达4600立方米每秒。 作为黄河中下游防洪、水沙调控体系中的关键控制性工程，小浪底水利枢纽控制着黄河91％的径流量和近 100%的输沙量。在调水调沙运用过程中，小浪底水利枢纽将利用水库调节合理的下泄流量，在实现"腾库迎 汛"目标的同时，制造"人工洪水"冲刷河道，减少水库及下游河道淤积，遏制河床抬高。 根据黄河中游河道来水及水库蓄水情况，为增强小浪底水库调水调沙后续动力，充分发挥水库汛限水位以上 蓄水效益，尽量减少对水生生物及其栖息地影响，黄委结合多年调水调沙实践经验，统筹考虑抗旱保灌保 供、腾库迎汛、水库排沙、河道减淤、河口生态补水等目标。 "黄河调 ...