记者丨 周蕊 编辑丨和佳 刚刚过去的诺贝尔奖颁奖季，让斯德哥尔摩再次成为全球学术界与公共舆论的交汇点。人工智 能快速重塑生产与就业结构的背景下，学术研究如何回应现实问题，长期增长理论如何解释当 下变局，成为各界高度关注的话题。2025年的诺贝尔经济学奖，正是在这样的时代语境中揭 晓。 彼得·豪伊特： 我想，最让我印象深刻的是，斯德哥尔摩以及整个瑞典，为了致敬学术与知 识，愿意付出多大的努力、做到什么程度。这种体验我从未经历过。他们举办了极其隆重的宴 会、精彩的典礼、特别的音乐会。而且无论我在斯德哥尔摩走到哪里，都会有人追着我要签 名。我的意思是，教授们并不习惯受到这样的待遇。所以，看到世界各地学者所从事的研究工 作，能够被广大公众如此尊重和肯定，这真的是一件令人愉快的事情。 南方财经： 再次向你表示祝贺。从你的角度来看，2025年诺贝尔经济学奖最终授予 你，背后最重要的原因可能是什么？ 彼得·豪伊特： 坦率地说，我并不了解诺贝尔奖委员会内部的讨论过程，所以我真的无法给出 一个确定的答案。不过我知道，对很多人来说，我所研究和撰写的"创造性破坏"这一主题，在 当下确实引起了强烈共鸣，尤其是在人工智能带来巨大兴奋与 ...

#直击华尔 街#诺奖得主彼得·豪伊特认为：AI或催生"超级明星市场"，少数高生产率的企业或个人将主导市场，而 其他人则不得不另谋出路。如果这种情况在多个市场同时发生，我们将面临一个非常严峻的问题：人们 究竟该去做什么？ 0:00 ...

Core Insights - The 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to Peter Howitt for his contributions to the theory of "creative destruction" and modern economic growth, particularly in the context of rapid technological changes driven by artificial intelligence [1][2]. Group 1: Impact of AI on Economic Growth - The rapid development of artificial intelligence is reshaping production and employment structures, with significant implications for global economic growth [3][4]. - AI has the potential to greatly enhance productivity, allowing tasks that previously took days or weeks to be completed in a matter of seconds, although it also poses risks of job displacement [5][6]. - The emergence of a "superstar market" is anticipated, where a few high-productivity firms or individuals dominate, potentially leading to significant disparities in income and employment opportunities [6][10]. Group 2: Historical Context and Future Challenges - The current wave of creative destruction differs from past technological revolutions in its speed and the need for substantial downstream innovations to fully realize its potential [7][8]. - Historical examples show that general-purpose technologies like AI require time to develop new jobs and skills to absorb displaced workers, a process that may not have the luxury of a gradual timeline as seen in previous technological shifts [7][9]. - The concentration of economic growth benefits among large firms and high-skilled workers is a characteristic of innovation-driven growth, raising questions about its long-term effects on global economic structures [8][9].