湖南省共有2家城市商业银行，分别是湖南银行和 长沙银行 。两家银行总部均位于长沙，现对两家 银行进行对比分析。 出身和级别 湖南银行前身是成立于 2010 年的 华融湘江银行 。 2010 年，由原中国华融资产管理股份有限公司联合湖南财信投资控股有限责任公司、湖南出版集 团等公司注资并重组合并湘潭、岳阳、株洲和衡阳 4 市的商业银行和邵阳市城市信用社（简称" 四行一 社 "）后成立华融湘江银行。 2022 年 中国华融资产管理股份有限公司将所持华融湘江银行股份分别转让给湖南财信金融控股集 团和中央汇金公司后，湖南财信金融控股成为其第一大股东。同年，华融湘江银行更名为"湖南银行"， 结合其股东情况， 湖南银行属于省属城商行。 截至目前，湖南银行前十大股东如下表： | 前十大股东 | 持股比例 | 备注 | | --- | --- | --- | | 湖南财信金融控股集团有限公司 | 20. 53% | 湖南省国企 | | 中央汇金投资有限责任公司 | 20. 00% | 央企 | | 湖南财信投资控股有限责任公司 | 14. 96% | 湖南省国企 | | 湖南省财信信托有限责任公司 | 4. 98% | 湖南 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a comparative analysis of two major city commercial banks in Henan, China: Zhongyuan Bank and Zhengzhou Bank, highlighting their differences in background, capital market presence, regional distribution, subsidiaries, personnel, financial performance, and asset quality [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][9][10][11][31]. Background Comparison - Zhongyuan Bank was formed through the merger of city commercial banks in 2014 and 2022, making it a provincial-level city commercial bank, while Zhengzhou Bank originated from urban credit cooperatives in 1996 and is classified as a municipal-level city commercial bank [1]. - The administrative level of Zhongyuan Bank is likely higher than that of Zhengzhou Bank, based on the backgrounds of their respective leadership [1]. Capital Market Presence - Zhengzhou Bank was the first to enter the capital market, listing in Hong Kong in 2015 and on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2018 [2]. - Zhongyuan Bank followed later, listing in Hong Kong in 2017 and has not yet entered the A-share market [3]. Regional Distribution - Zhongyuan Bank has a comprehensive network covering all cities in Henan province due to its merger origins, while Zhengzhou Bank has not yet achieved full provincial coverage, lacking branches in Sanmenxia and Jiaozuo [4]. Subsidiary Overview - Both banks have financial leasing subsidiaries, with Zhongyuan Bank having two and Zhengzhou Bank having one [5]. - Zhongyuan Bank operates 13 village and town banks and has a consumer finance company, while Zhengzhou Bank has 7 village and town banks and no consumer finance subsidiary [6]. Personnel Situation - As of the end of 2024, Zhongyuan Bank has 20,987 employees, significantly more than Zhengzhou Bank's 6,180 employees [7]. - Zhongyuan Bank's overall employee count is 3.4 times that of Zhengzhou Bank, indicating a larger workforce [8]. Financial Performance - As of the end of 2024, Zhongyuan Bank's total assets reached 1.364 trillion yuan, double that of Zhengzhou Bank's 676.365 billion yuan [10]. - Key financial metrics show that Zhongyuan Bank's operating income and net profit are also approximately double those of Zhengzhou Bank [10]. - Despite the larger scale, Zhongyuan Bank's efficiency is lower, with a higher employee count leading to lower per capita profitability compared to Zhengzhou Bank [11]. Asset Quality Comparison - Both banks exhibit relatively high non-performing loan (NPL) ratios, with Zhongyuan Bank at 2.02% and Zhengzhou Bank at 1.79% as of the end of 2024 [11][23]. - The article notes that both banks have experienced challenges in maintaining asset quality, with high overdue loan ratios compared to their NPL ratios [29][26]. Long-term Growth Analysis - Over the past decade, Zhongyuan Bank's asset scale has consistently exceeded that of Zhengzhou Bank, primarily due to mergers, while Zhengzhou Bank's growth has been more organic [12]. - Recent years have seen fluctuations in both banks' operating income, with Zhengzhou Bank experiencing negative growth in 2023 and 2024, while Zhongyuan Bank faced negative growth in 2021 and 2024 [14][16]. Income Structure and Profitability - Both banks rely heavily on net interest income, with Zhongyuan Bank maintaining a net interest margin above 80% [18]. - However, net interest margins have been declining for both banks, impacting their revenue and profitability [20][21]. Cost and Efficiency - Zhongyuan Bank's operational costs are significantly higher than those of Zhengzhou Bank, with business and management expenses in 2024 being 2.66 times greater [28]. - The average salary at Zhongyuan Bank is lower than that at Zhengzhou Bank when adjusted for employee numbers, indicating lower per capita efficiency [28].

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a comparative analysis of Qilu Bank and Qingdao Bank, two leading city commercial banks in Shandong province, highlighting their financial performance, operational strategies, and market positioning. Group 1: Background and Ownership - Both Qilu Bank and Qingdao Bank were established in 1996, evolving from local credit cooperatives into city commercial banks, with name changes occurring in 2008 and 2009 respectively [3]. - The largest shareholders of both banks are foreign banks, with Qilu Bank's largest shareholder being the Commonwealth Bank of Australia (15.43% stake) and Qingdao Bank's largest shareholder being the Italian bank Unione di Banche Italiane (17.50% stake) [4]. Group 2: Capital Market and Regional Distribution - Qingdao Bank was the first to enter the capital market, listing on the Hong Kong and Shenzhen stock exchanges in December 2015 and January 2019, respectively, while Qilu Bank listed on the New Third Board in 2015 and transitioned to the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2021 [5]. - As of February 2025, Qingdao Bank has established branches in all 16 cities within Shandong province, while Qilu Bank has not yet achieved full coverage, lacking branches in Jining and Zaozhuang but has a branch in Tianjin [5]. Group 3: Financial Performance - As of 2024, Qingdao Bank's total assets are approximately 689.96 billion, slightly higher than Qilu Bank's 689.54 billion. However, Qilu Bank's net profit of 49.86 billion exceeds Qingdao Bank's 42.64 billion by 7.22 billion [8][11][13]. - Both banks have a loan-to-asset ratio below 50%, with company loans making up about 71% of total loans for both banks [9]. - Qingdao Bank has a slightly lower non-performing loan (NPL) ratio of 1.14% compared to Qilu Bank's 1.19%, but its overdue loan ratio is higher [10][21]. Group 4: Cost Management and Employee Compensation - Qingdao Bank's cost-to-income ratio is higher at 34.95% compared to Qilu Bank's 27.41%, indicating more efficient cost management at Qilu Bank [24]. - In 2024, Qingdao Bank's business and management expenses reached 4.717 billion, significantly higher than Qilu Bank's 3.413 billion, with a notable difference in employee compensation, where Qingdao Bank's employee salary expenses were 2.509 billion compared to Qilu Bank's 1.938 billion despite having fewer employees [26].