阳历
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今年除夕,为啥不是“年三十”?
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-02-16 01:31
来源:新华社微信公众号 "二十三,糖瓜粘;二十四,扫房子……三十晚上熬一宿!" 春节将至,耳边又飘荡起从小传唱的童谣,虽然南方北方版本略有不同,但大年二十九无论是"蒸馒 头"还是"去打酒",从去年开始,注定了连续5年,忙活完就得直接"熬一宿"了。 除夕不是"年三十",还一连5年?其中的科学奥义何在? 2026年2月10日,北方农历小年,北京天文馆推出全新球幕影片《光阴密码:我们的历法与计时》,横 跨千年天文史,解读了年月、节气、节日与天文节律的深层关联,揭秘中国"顺天应时"的时间密码。 按月球周期确立的历法是阴历。月球运行到日地之间为朔,也就是初一,两次朔的时间间隔为一个月。 问题来了,这个间隔的平均数值约为29.5天,12个月就是354天,和之前确立一年的时间差了约11天, 这样下来,过个十几年,就会出现冬天月份里"立夏"的尴尬。于是,聪明的先人,设计了十九年七闰的 规则,才形成流传至今几千年的农历,即阴阳合历,用这套历法系统协调生产和生活。 回到最初的问题,我们还要迎来4年没有"年三十"的除夕,这是什么原因? 农历一个月平均29.5天,日期得取整,于是农历月分为小月和大月,小月29天,大月30天。每个月是 ...
春节为何“忽早忽晚”?专家回应
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-02-10 12:49
马年春节临近,年味渐浓,各地张灯结彩,年货大集上摆满了各种美食,人们逛灯会、买年货,热热闹 闹迎接新春佳节。 日前,"春节为啥忽早忽晚"等词条被刷上热搜。有人发现,今年的春节似乎来得有些"晚",跟2025年比 起来,足足"推迟"了将近20天,而有的年份,春节又来得挺早,这是为啥? 一般认为,农历是中国的一种传统历法,属于阴阳合历,其中人们常说的"阳历",跟地球围绕太阳运行 的周期有关,一个"回归年"的时间长度是365天多一点。 阴历则跟月亮有关。唐志强解释,月亮围绕地球转一周大约是29.53天,一年12个月大约是 354天,这跟 上述"365天"相差11天左右。 为了平衡两种历法之间的"时间差",古人便通过设置闰月来调节两种历法,这也是为了避免出现日时与 月时的错位。 设置闰月的原则,大致是"19年7闰",也就是说,大约每两三年就有一个农历的闰年,该年份多出来的 那一个月就是闰月,这样农历与阳历一年的时长便可以基本保持一致。 "正是闰月的设置,导致了春节来临的时间忽早忽晚。"他说。 在接受中新网记者采访时,中国农业博物馆研究馆员唐志强表示,翻看万年历可以发现,近年来确实有 的年份春节来得早一些,也有的年份春节 ...
公历日期不固定,农历春节有讲究(信息服务台)
Ren Min Ri Bao· 2026-02-07 00:44
又快过年了。 2026年的春节在2月17日,比2025年晚19天,为近年来最晚。再往后看,2027年的春节又比2026年提早 了11天。至于近年来最早的春节,则是2023年的1月22日。 春节为什么会忽早忽晚呢?这要从我们所用的历法说起。 当今主要有3种历法:依据太阳视运动的阳历,如公历、儒略历等;仅考虑月球视运动的阴历,如伊斯 兰教历、希腊历等;兼顾二者的阴阳合历,如中国现在还采用的农历、藏历等。 中国的农历自古用来指导农业生产,怎能不与季节密切相关? 其实,作为阴阳合历,农历有一个独特的阳历元素,就是二十四节气。节气严格依据回归年而编制,从 而可以指导农业生产。 既能反映月相,又能顺应时节,还能跟世界通行的阳历保持和谐,这是农历的独特优势,是中国人民伟 大智慧的一个体现。 (作者为中国科学院紫金山天文台副研究员张 旸,本报记者姚雪青采访整理) [ 责编:袁晴 ] 阳历的编制中,要求年长尽量接近"回归年",一年为365天(平年)或366天(闰年,多出1个闰日); 月长参照但并不拘泥于朔望月,人为设定大月31天、小月30天(二月例外),大小月基本间隔设置,具 体日期跟月相没有对应关系。 农历的编排中,要求月长 ...
公历日期不固定,农历春节有讲究
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-02-07 00:06
又快过年了。 2026年的春节在2月17日,比2025年晚19天,为近年来最晚。再往后看,2027年的春节又比2026年提早 了11天。至于近年来最早的春节,则是2023年的1月22日。 春节为什么会忽早忽晚呢?这要从我们所用的历法说起。 当今主要有3种历法:依据太阳视运动的阳历,如公历、儒略历等;仅考虑月球视运动的阴历,如伊斯 兰教历、希腊历等;兼顾二者的阴阳合历,如中国现在还采用的农历、藏历等。 如何定义年和月,直接影响历法的编制,通常以回归年(约为365.2422天)和朔望月(平均约为29.53 天)作为定义基础。 阳历的编制中,要求年长尽量接近"回归年",一年为365天(平年)或366天(闰年,多出1个闰日); 月长参照但并不拘泥于朔望月,人为设定大月31天、小月30天(二月例外),大小月基本间隔设置,具 体日期跟月相没有对应关系。 农历的编排中,要求月长尽量接近朔望月,每月初一必须为朔日,以便让日期跟月相直接对应。大月30 天、小月29天,具体设置是根据天文观测和理论计算确定的。有时候,还会出现没有大年三十的情况: 从2025年到2029年,连续5年的腊月碰巧都是小月,这些年份的除夕都是腊月二十九。 ...
专家回应大年三十“消失”:正常历法现象
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-02-01 01:43
然而,由于阴历是按照月相周期编制而成的,所以对四季变化的反映不够准确。古人发挥聪明才智,顺 利地解决了这一问题,即通过设置闰月来调节阳历和阴历两种历法。 比如,汉代邓平、落下闳等人编制的《太初历》,就是一种阴阳合历。《太初历》以孟春正月为岁首, 规定无中气之月为闰月。 中新网北京2月1日电(记者 上官云)随着时间流逝,农历新年的脚步越来越近了。日前,"下次过大年三 十要到2030年了#"登上热搜,有人疑惑,今年为啥没有大年三十? 对此,北京大学中文系教授王娟在接受中新网记者采访时表示,"连续五年没有大年三十"这个情况确实 比较少见,但"大年三十消失"其实是个正常的历法现象。 她提到,我们使用的农历是一种非常科学、精密的传统历法,属于阴阳合历。农历有大小月之分,大月 有30天,小月只有29天。哪个月份是大月、哪个月份是小月,这也是根据历法确定的。假如赶上腊月是 小月,那么自然就没有"大年三十"了。 图片来 源:微博截图 何谓"农历"? 要解释有关"大年三十"的问题,我们需要先了解一下什么是"农历"。 据王娟介绍,农历是我们现在依然在使用的传统历法,也是一种阴阳合历。古时,人们通过观察太阳运 行的规律,制定了太阳 ...
今年为啥又没有大年三十?下次要等到……
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-01-24 11:21
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the phenomenon of "New Year's Eve" (大年三十) disappearing for five consecutive years, with the next occurrence not expected until 2030, due to the traditional lunar calendar's structure and the nature of lunar months [1]. Group 1: Lunar Calendar Explanation - The lunar calendar is often mistakenly referred to as the lunar calendar, but it is actually a lunisolar calendar that incorporates both lunar and solar cycles [2][4]. - Lunar months are based on the moon's phases, with an average month lasting approximately 29.53 days, leading to a lunar year of about 354 days [2][7]. - To align with the solar year, which is about 365 days, the lunar calendar adds an extra month approximately every 2-3 years, known as a leap month [5][7]. Group 2: Disappearance of New Year's Eve - The absence of "New Year's Eve" for five consecutive years is attributed to the lunar calendar's structure, where the last month of the lunar year (腊月) is consistently a short month (29 days) during this period [13][14]. - The phenomenon of having two New Year's Days can occur when a leap month is added after the first month, resulting in two occurrences of the lunar New Year [14]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The lunar calendar has been integrated into daily life and reflects a time-honored wisdom that has been passed down through generations, emphasizing its cultural importance [20].
今年为啥又没有大年三十?
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2026-01-24 11:21
Core Viewpoint - The phenomenon of "New Year's Eve" disappearing will occur again until 2030 due to the traditional lunar calendar's structure and the occurrence of "small months" in the lunar calendar [1][14]. Group 1: Lunar Calendar Explanation - The lunar calendar is not merely a lunar calendar but a lunisolar calendar, which incorporates both lunar and solar cycles [2][4]. - The lunar calendar is based on the phases of the moon, with an average month lasting approximately 29.53 days, leading to a lunar year of about 354 days [2][7]. - To reconcile the time difference with the solar year, a leap month is added approximately every 2-3 years, creating a leap year [5][9]. Group 2: Disappearance of New Year's Eve - The absence of "New Year's Eve" is attributed to the fact that from 2025 to 2029, the lunar month of December will consistently be a "small month," which has only 29 days [13][14]. - The lunar calendar's structure allows for flexibility in month lengths, resulting in the phenomenon of "New Year's Eve" not appearing in certain years [13][14]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The lunar calendar reflects ancient wisdom, integrating both lunar and solar cycles to guide agricultural practices and seasonal activities [9][21]. - The concept of having two New Year's Days can occur when a leap month is added after the first month, leading to two occurrences of the lunar New Year [14].
为什么会有闰月?带你了解农历背后的时间智慧→
Yang Shi Xin Wen· 2026-01-22 03:16
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the disappearance of "New Year's Eve" (大年三十) for five consecutive years, highlighting the complexities of the lunar calendar and its impact on traditional celebrations [1][13]. Group 1: Lunar Calendar Explanation - The lunar calendar, often confused with the lunar calendar, is based solely on the moon's phases, with a complete cycle called a "synodic month" averaging about 29.53 days [2][4]. - A lunar year typically consists of about 354 days, which is shorter than the solar year of approximately 365 days [4][6]. - The lunar calendar, known as a "lunisolar calendar," incorporates both lunar and solar cycles to guide agricultural activities, resulting in a system that adjusts for seasonal changes [6][8]. Group 2: Leap Month and Its Implications - To reconcile the difference between the lunar year and the solar year, a leap month is added approximately every 2 to 3 years, referred to as a "leap month" [8][9]. - The placement of the leap month is determined by the 24 solar terms, starting from the beginning of spring [8][9]. - In some years, a leap month may occur after the first month, leading to two occurrences of the lunar New Year, although only the first is recognized as the official Spring Festival [16]. Group 3: Recent Observations - The absence of "New Year's Eve" for five years is attributed to the lunar calendar's flexible month lengths, where the last month (lunar December) has been consistently shorter [13]. - The phenomenon of having two New Year celebrations can occur in rare cases when a leap month follows the first month, resulting in two lunar New Year's [16].